General Anatomy, Applied to Physiology and Medicine, Vol. 3 (of 3)Bichat, Xavier
Science
General Anatomy, Applied to Physiology and Medicine, Vol. 3 (of 3)
Bichat, Xavier
Human anatomy; Human physiology
The existence of this vascular net-work is placed beyond a doubt
by fine injections which change the colour of the skin entirely
externally, without altering it much within. This is, as I have
observed, the principal seat of the numerous eruptions most of which
are really foreign to the cutaneous chorion.
We may then consider the reticular body as a general capillary system,
surrounding the cutaneous organ, and forming with the papillæ a layer
between the chorion and the epidermis. This system contains in most
men, only white fluids. In negroes, these fluids are black. They have
an intermediate tinge in the tawny nations. We know how much the shades
vary in the human race. Hence the colouring of the skin resembles
nearly that of the hairs, which evidently depends upon the substance
existing in their capillary tubes; it is analogous to that of the
marks at birth, that are commonly called nævi materni, and in which we
never see a layer of fluids extravasated between the epidermis and the
chorion.
Moreover, I think we know but little as yet concerning this substance,
which fills a part of the external capillary system. It does not
circulate in it, but appears to remain there till another replaces it.
When we examine the skin of a negro, we see a black teint, and that is
all. In maceration I have observed that this teint is sometimes removed
with the epidermis, and that it sometimes remains adhering to the
chorion. It is very evidently foreign to both, since both have the same
colour in whites as in blacks. It is never reproduced, after it has
been removed; for cicatrices are white in all people.
Is there in white people a white substance which, remaining in the
external capillary system, corresponds to that of negroes, or does the
colour of their skin depend only upon the epidermis and chorion? I
have been tempted to believe that they also have a colouring substance,
since the long-continued action of a powerful sun evidently blackens
them. This circumstance has even made me believe that whiteness is
natural to all men, and that there was but one primitive race which has
degenerated according to different climates.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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