General Anatomy, Applied to Physiology and Medicine, Vol. 3 (of 3)Bichat, Xavier
Science
General Anatomy, Applied to Physiology and Medicine, Vol. 3 (of 3)
Bichat, Xavier
Human anatomy; Human physiology
There is a mode of excitement to which authors have not paid attention;
it may be called negative; it is that of which I spoke just now on the
subject of caloric, the privation of which is oftentimes a very active
stimulant. In the different experiments that I have had occasion to
make, this has frequently struck me. Apply a stimulant to a muscle, it
contracts; but at the end of some time the motion ceases, though the
contact continues; remove the stimulant, the motion frequently returns
in an instant. In general, nothing is more common in the heart, the
intestines, &c. than their contractions ceasing under the continued
action of a stimulant, and returning instantly upon its absence. I
confess that this phenomenon is not as invariable and constant as that
of the contraction produced by the application of the stimulus which
succeeds a state of non-excitement; but this happens very often. We
might say that the organic sensibility is in this case like the animal,
that every new state affects it, whether it be positive or negative.
The passage from non-excitement to excitement is more lively; but the
opposite passage is not less when it is sudden. Moreover this manner
of describing the sensible organic contractility in exercise, deserves
some further experiments.
_Of the Sensible Organic Contractility considered in relation to the
Organs._
The sensible organic contractility, considered in the organ in which it
has its seat, exhibits numerous varieties which are relative; 1st, to
the diversity of texture; 2d, to age; 3d, to sex; 4th, to temperament,
&c.
_First Variety. Diversity of the Muscular Texture._
The animal contractility is everywhere the same in the voluntary
muscles, because their organization is uniform. All things being equal
as to the number and length of the fibres, the phenomena of contraction
are exactly the same everywhere; here, on the contrary, the varieties
of texture inevitably produce varieties in the vital properties.
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