General Anatomy, Applied to Physiology and Medicine, Vol. 3 (of 3)Bichat, Xavier
Science
General Anatomy, Applied to Physiology and Medicine, Vol. 3 (of 3)
Bichat, Xavier
Human anatomy; Human physiology
The growth of the dermoid system has not remarkable revolutions like
that of most of the others; it goes on in an uniform manner. At the
period of the growth of the hairs, it does not change, because this
growth is absolutely foreign to it, these productions only passing
through it. At puberty it increases in energy like all the other
systems. Until then sweats had not been very copious; for, other things
being equal, we may say that children sweat less in general than
adults, and that the residue of their nutrition passes rather by the
urine, which is probably the reason why they are so remarkably disposed
to calculi. Beyond the twentieth year we begin to sweat more, and until
old age, especially in summer, the fluids appear to go out in this way.
III. _State of the Dermoid System after Growth._
After growth, the skin continues for a long time to have great
activity; the excess of life which animates it, renders it capable of
influencing with ease the other organs if it be but a little excited.
Hence the disposition to pneumonia, pleurisy, &c. from the action of
cold on the skin in sweat, a state in which it is more disposed to
exert an injurious influence upon the internal organs, because its
forces are more excited. As to the different affections which result
from this influence, they depend upon the internal organs upon which it
is directed; so that the same sympathetic irradiations going from the
skin, will produce sometimes an affection of the abdomen, sometimes a
disease of the thorax, according to the age in which the abdominal or
pectoral organs, predominating by their vitality, are more disposed to
answer to the influence directed in general upon the whole economy.
The skin becomes more and more firm and resisting as we advance in age,
as the fibrous substance is constantly tending to a predominance over
the gelatinous. Less blood seems to be carried to it. It becomes less
and less disposed to eruptions, so common in youth and infancy, &c. I
will not speak of its other differences; for all that we have said of
it in the preceding articles relates especially to the adult age.
I will only observe that if, during the greatest part of life, the skin
be so fruitful a source of diseases, and the various alterations it
experiences produce so frequent disorders in the internal organs, it
is only owing to the varied causes of excitement to which it is every
instant subjected. If the glands, the serous surfaces, &c. have an
influence less frequently upon the other organs, it is because being
deeply situated, and almost always in contact with the same excitants,
they are not subject to so many revolutions in their vital forces. The
secreted fluids and those exhaled in the serous and synovial systems
are not, for the same reason, so much subject to those considerable
increases, and those sudden suppressions which so frequently happen to
the sweat.
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