Sometimes it is the animal contractility that is brought sympathetically into action; thus the diaphragm, the intercostal and abdominal muscles contract to produce sneezing from irritation of the pituitary membrane, or cough from the irritation of the membrane of the bronchia, or from that even of the surface of the stomach, which produces stomachic coughs, which, as we know, have nothing to do with affections of the chest. We know the general spasm that seizes all the muscles the instant a foreign body passes between the mucous edges of the epiglottis. Stones of the bladder and the urethra, by making the cremaster contract sympathetically, produce retraction of the testicle. Physicians might, I think, profit by the knowledge of these mucous sympathies. In apoplexy, in which the bronchia is sometimes filled with mucus that the patient cannot evacuate, the action of ammonia upon the pituitary membrane produces the double effect, 1st, of stimulating the brain as blisters do; 2d, of freeing, by the cough it occasions, the surface of the bronchia, which being obstructed, is an obstacle to the passage of the air. Sometimes it is the animal sensibility that is put into action by an affection of the mucous surfaces. The stone, that irritates that of the bladder, causes an itching at the end of the glans penis. That of the intestines being irritated by worms, an inconvenient itching is felt at the end of the nose. Whytt has seen a foreign body introduced into the ear, affect painfully the whole corresponding side of the head; an ulcer of the bladder, produce every time the patient passed water, a pain on the superior part of the thigh, &c. &c. The sensible organic contractility is often sympathetically excited by the affections of the mucous system. I might at first refer to this subject what I have observed respecting the organic muscles, almost all of which move from an excitement of a contiguous mucous surface; but that is a natural phenomenon; there are many others that are preternatural. A stone that irritates the internal surface of the pelvis of the kidney produces vomiting, which is, as we know, produced any time at will by an irritation of the uvula. The instant the semen passes the urethra in coition, the action of the heart is commonly accelerated. Tissot speaks of a stone which, being entangled in the duct of Warton, produced a sympathetic discharge from the bowels. I saw at the Hôtel Dieu two women, who, whenever they menstruated, and the mucous surface of the womb was consequently in activity, could retain the urine but a short time in the bladder, which contracted involuntarily to expel it the moment it entered it. At ordinary times, there was nothing peculiar in the evacuation of this fluid.