[62] "In Paschali vero festivitate rex Stephanus eundem Henricum in honorem in reverentia præferens, ad dexteram suam sedere fecit" (_Sym. Dun._, ii. 287). [63] Dr. Stubbs appears, unless I am mistaken, to imply that they first appear at court as witnesses to the (later) Oxford charter. He writes, of that charter: "Her [the Empress's] most faithful adherents, Miles of Hereford" [_recté_ Gloucester] "and Brian of Wallingford, were also among the witnesses; probably the retreat of the King of Scots had made her cause for the time hopeless" (_Const. Hist._, i. 321, _note_). [64] See Appendix C. [65] "His autem rex patienter auditis quæcumque postulârant gratuite eis indulgens ecclesiæ libertatem fixam et inviolabilem esse, illius statuta rata et inconcussa, ejus ministros cujuscunque professionis essent vel ordinis, omni reverentiâ honorandos esse præcepit" (_Gesta_). [66] John's list of bishops attesting the (London) council is taken from Richard's list of bishops attesting the (Oxford) charter. [67] "Eodem anno post Pascha Robertus comes Glocestræ, cujus prudentiam rex Stephanus maxime verebatur, venit in Angliam.... Itaque homagium regi fecit sub conditione quadam, scilicet quamdiu ille dignitatem suam integre custodiret et sibi pacta servaret" (_Will. Malms._, 705, 707). [68] _Ibid._, 707. [69] _Hen. Hunt._, p. 259. [70] _Ibid._, p. 260. [71] "Vindictam non exercuit in proditores suos, pessimo consilio usus; si enim eam tunc exercuisset, postea contra eum tot castella retenta non fuissent" (_Hen. Hunt._, p. 259). [72] _Select Charters_, 114 (cf. _Will. Malms._). [73] _Ibid._ [74] _Ibid._, 96. [75] _Confirmation Roll_, 1 Hen. VIII., Part 5, No. 13 (quoted by Mr. J. A. C. Vincent in _Genealogist_ (N. S.), ii. 271). This should be compared with the argument of his friends when urging the primate to crown him, that he had not only been elected to the throne (by the Londoners), but also "ad hoc _justo germanæ propinquitatis jure_ idoneus accessit" (_Gesta_, p. 8), and with the admission, shortly after, in the pope's letter, that among his claims he "de præfati regis [Henrici] prosapia prope posito gradu originem traxisse." [76] _Select Charters_, 115. But cf. _Will. Malms._ [77] As further illustrating the compromise of which this charter was the resultant, note that Stephen retains and combines the formula "Dei gratiâ" with the recital of election, and that he further represents the election as merely a popular "_assent_" to his succession. [78] Compare the clause in the _Confirmatio Cartarum_ of 1265, establishing the right of insurrection: "Liceat omnibus de regno nostro contra nos insurgere." [79] See _inter alia_, Hallam's _Middle Ages_, i. 168, 169.