Geoffrey de Mandeville: A study of the AnarchyRound, John Horace
History
Geoffrey de Mandeville: A study of the Anarchy
Round, John Horace
Great Britain -- History -- Stephen, 1135-1154; Mandeville, Geoffrey de, earl of Essex, -1144
It was at Gloucester that she received the news of her brother's victory
at Lincoln (February 2, 1141), and it was there that he joined her, with
his royal captive, on Quinquagesima Sunday (February 9).[172] It was at
once decided that the king should be despatched to Bristol Castle,[173]
and that he should be there kept a prisoner for life.[174]
In the utter paralysis of government consequent on the king's capture,
there was not a day to be lost on the part of the Empress and her
friends. The Empress herself was intoxicated with joy, and eager for the
fruits of victory.[175] Within a fortnight of the battle, she set out
from Gloucester, on what may be termed her first progress.[176] Her
destination was, of course, Winchester, the spot to which her eyes would
at once be turned. She halted, however, for a while at Cirencester,[177]
to allow time for completing the negotiations with the legate.[178] It
was finally agreed that, advancing to Winchester, she should meet him in
an open space, without the walls, for a conference. This spot a charter
of the Empress enables us apparently to identify with Wherwell.[179]
Hither, on Sunday, the 2nd of March, a wet and gloomy day,[180] the
clergy and people, headed by the legate, with the monks and nuns of the
religious houses, and such magnates of the realm as were present,
streamed forth from the city to meet her.[181]
The compact ("pactum") which followed was strictly on the lines of that
by means of which Stephen had secured the throne. The Empress, on her
part, swore that if the legate would accept her as "domina," he should
henceforth have his way in all ecclesiastical matters. And her leading
followers swore that this oath should be kept. Thereupon the legate
agreed to receive her as "Lady of England," and promised her the
allegiance of himself and of his followers so long as she should keep
her oath. The whole agreement is most important, and, as such, should be
carefully studied.[182]
On the morrow (March 3) the Empress entered Winchester, and was received
in state in the cathedral, the legate supporting her on the right, and
Bernard of St. David's on the left.[183]
Now, it is most important to have a clear understanding of what really
took place upon this occasion.
The main points to keep before us are—(1) that there are two distinct
episodes, that of the 2nd and 3rd of March, and that of the 7th and 8th
of April, five weeks intervening between them, during which the Empress
left Winchester to make her second progress; (2) that the first episode
was that of her _reception_ at Winchester, the second (also at
Winchester) that of her _election_.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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