a well or pool of standing water, cognate with the Lat. _puteus_ and its derivatives in the Romance languages; _e.g._ Puozzuoli in Italy, and Puteaux in France, anc. _Puteoli_ (the place of wells); Le Puiset, anc. _Puteolis castrum_ (the camp of the well); Pfutzenburg and Pfutzenthal (the town and valley of the wells or pools), in Germany; Poza-de-la-sal (the salt well), near a salt mine in Spain; also in Spain: Pozanca and Pozancos (the stagnant pools); Pozo-blanco and Pozo-hondo (the white and deep pool); Putney, anc. _Puttenheath_ (the pool on the heath), in Surrey; Puttenheim, in Belgium (a dwelling near a well or pool). Q [Sidenote: QUELLE (Ger.), WEDEL (Old Ger.), WYL (A.S.), KILDE (Scand.), KILL (Dutch),] a place from which water flows--from _quellen_, to spring, and _wyllan_, to flow; _e.g._ Mühlquelle (the mill fountain); Hoogkill (corner well), and Bassekill (low well), in Holland; Quillebœuf (well town), in Normandy; Roeskilde (the fountain of King Roe), in Denmark; Salzwedel (salt well); Hohenwedel (high well); Tideswell, in Derbyshire--probably from a personal name, as there is a Tideslow in the neighbourhood; Wells, in Norfolk (a place into which the tide flows); Wells, in Somerset, named from a holy fountain dedicated to St. Andrew; Motherwell, in Lanarkshire, named from a well dedicated to the Virgin Mary; Amwell, in Hants, corrupt. from _Emma’s well_; Holywell, in Wales, named from St. Winifred’s well--in Welsh it is called _Treffynnon_ (the town of the well); Shadwell, in London (St. Chad’s well); Bakewell, anc. _Badican-wylla_ (the bath wells), in Derbyshire; Walston, a parish in Lanarkshire, named from a sacred well near the site of the church; Ashwell (the well among ash-trees), in Hertford; Ewell, in Surrey, found written _Etwell_ and _Awell_ (_at_ the well). R [Sidenote: RADE, RODE (Teut.),] a place where wood has been cut down, and which has been cleared for tillage, from _reuten_, to root out, to plough or turn up. The word in its various forms, _reud_, _reut_, and _rath_, is common in German topography; _e.g._ Wittarode (the cleared wood); Herzegerode (the clearing on the Hartz Mountains); Quadrath (the clearing of the Quadi); Lippenrode (the clearing on the R. Lippe); Rade-vor-dem-walde (the clearing in front of the wood); Randarath and Wernigerode (the clearing of Randa and Werner); Zeulenroda (the clearing on the boundary, _ziel_); Schabert, corrupt. from _Suabroid_ (the Swabian clearing); Pfaffrath (the priest’s clearing); Baireuth (the cleared ground of the Boii or Bavarians); Schussenried (the clearing on the R. Schussen). Royd, in England, means a path cut through a wood, as in Huntroyd, Boothroyd, Holroyd. _Terra-rodata_ (rode land) was so called in opposition to _Terra-Bovata_, _i.e._ an ancient enclosure which had been from time immemorial under the plough, _i.e._ Ormeroyd (Ormer’s rode land).