a cataract; _e.g._ Rhayadar (the cataract), a town in Radnor, near a fall of the R. Wye, removed in 1780. Radnor itself is supposed to have taken its name from _Rhiadur-Gwy_ (the cataract of the R. Wye); Rhiadur-mawr (the great cataract), in Caernarvonshire; Rhaidr-y-wennol (the cataract of the swallow), so named from the rapidity of its motion, like that of the bird. [Sidenote: RHIW (Welsh),] an ascent; _e.g._ Ruabon, corrupt. from _Rhiw-Fabon_ (the ascent of St. Mabon). [Sidenote: RHOS, ROS (Cym.-Cel.),] in Wales signifying a moor, in Cornwall a valley; _e.g._ Ross, a town in Hereford; Rhoscollen (the moor of hazels), in Anglesea; Rhos-du (black moor); Penrhos (the head of the moor), in Wales. In Cornwall: Roskilly (the valley of hazels); Rosecrewe (the valley of the cross); Rosvean (little valley); Rosmean (stony valley). [Sidenote: RHUDD (Cym.-Cel.), RUADH (Gadhelic), ROTH and RUD (Teut.), ROD (Scand.),] red; _e.g._ Rutland (red land), or perhaps cleared ground--_v._ RODE; Rhuddlan (the red bank, _glan_); Rhuthin, corrupt. from _Rhudd-din_ (the red land); Llanrhudd (the red church), in Wales; Romhilde, anc. _Rotemulte_ (red land); Rother, Rotha, Rothback (red stream); Rotherthurm, Hung. _Vörostoroney_ (red tower); Rothen-haus, Sclav. _Czerweny-hradek_ (red house or castle), in Bohemia; Rotenburg, in Switzerland (the town on the red brook); Rothenburg, in Hanover and Bavaria (the red fortress); Rothenburg, in Prussia proper, is called by the Sclaves _Rostarezewo_ (the town of the Sclavonic deity Ratzi); Rothenfels (red rock); Rotherham (the dwelling on the red river); Roughan and Rooghaun (reddish land), in Ireland. But the prefix _rud_ is sometimes the abbreviation of a proper name, thus--Rudesheim, in Germany, is from _Hruodinesheim_ (the dwelling of Hruodine); Rudby, in Yorkshire (of Routh); Rudkioping, in Denmark (the market-town of Routh). [Sidenote: RHYD (Welsh),] a ford; _e.g._ Rhyderin, corrupt. from _Rhyd-gerwin_ (the rough ford); Rhyd-y-Boithan, corrupt. from _Byddin_ (the ford of the army); Rhydonen, corrupt. from _Rhyd-hen_ (the old ford); Rhyd-dol-cynfar (the ford of the valley of the ancient fight). [Sidenote: RIDING, or THRITHING,] the three _things_, _q.v._, _i.e._ the three places or districts where the Scandinavians held their judicial assemblies; _e.g._ the Ridings, in Yorkshire, so named under the Danish rule; Lincoln was divided by the Danes in the same manner. [Sidenote: RIED (A.S.),] a reed; _e.g._ Retford and Radford (the reedy ford); Radbourne (reedy brook); Redbridge, in Hants, anc. _Reideford_ (reedy ford). Bede calls it _Arundinis-vadum_, Lat. (the ford of the reeds). [Sidenote: RIGGE (A.S.), RÜCHEN (Ger.),]