a valley; _e.g._ Vallais (the land of valleys), in Switzerland--its inhabitants were formerly called _Nantuates_, _i.e._ valley dwellers; Val-de-Avallano (the valley of hazels); Val-de-fuentes (of fountains); Val-del-laguna (of the lagoon); Val-del-losa (of the flagstone); Val-del-Moro (of the Moor); Val-de-Olivas (of olive-trees); Val-de-penas (of the rocks); Val-de-robles (of the oak-trees), in Spain; Val-de-lys (the valley of streams), in the Pyrenees, from an old Provençal word _lys_ (water); Vallée-de-Carol (of Charles), through which Charlemagne passed from his conquest of the Moors; Vallombrosa (the shady valley); Valparaiso (the valley of Paradise); Valtelline, in Lombardy, consisting of a long valley, traversed by the R. Adda and Teglio; Vaucluse, Lat. _Vallis-clusa_ (the enclosed valley); Orvaux, Lat. _Aure-vallis_ (the golden valley); Riéval, Lat. _Regia-vallis_ (the royal valley); Vals (in the valley of the Volane); Vaucouleurs, Lat. _Vallis-coloris_ (the valley of colour), in a valley of the R. Meuse, whose green and smiling meadows have given it this name; Gerveaux or Yorvaux, in Durham, Lat. _Uri-vallis_ (the valley of the R. Ure); Pays-de-Vaud (the country of valleys or of the Waldenses); Clairvaux, Lat. _Clara-vallis_ (the bright valley); Roncesvalles (the valleys abounding in briers); Vaudemont, Lat. _Vallis-de-monte_ (the valley of the mountain); Val-di-chiana (the valley of the standing pool), in Italy. [Sidenote: VAR, VARAD (Hung.),] a fortress; _e.g._ Kolos-var, Ger. _Klausenburg_, anc. _Claudipolis_ (the enclosed fortress, or the city of Claudius); Nagy-varad (great fortress); Vasvar, Ger. _Eisenburg_ (iron fortress); Szamos-Ujvar (the new fortress), on the R. Zamos; Sarivar (palace fortress); Foldvar (the land fortress); Szekes-Fehervar, Ger. _Stuhl-Weissenburg_ (the white fortress of the throne); Karoly-Fehervar or Karlsburg (Charles’s white fortress); Varosvar, Ger. _Eisenthurm_ (the red fortress or iron tower), in Hungary; Ersek-Ujvar, Ger. _Neuhausel_ (the bishop’s new fortress or seat). [Sidenote: VAROS (Hung.),] a town; _e.g._ Ujvaros (the new town); Also-varos (lower town); Szasz-varos, Ger. _Sachsenstadt_ (the Saxon’s town. [Sidenote: VATN and VAND (Scand.),] a lake; _e.g._ Vatnsdalr (the valley of lakes); Arnarvatn (eagle lake); Fiskvatn (fish lake); Langavat (long lake); Steepavat (steep lake); Sanvatn (sandy lake); Miosen-Vand (little lake); Helgavatn (holy lake); Vatster (the lake dwelling); Myvatn (the lake of the midges); Vatnagaard (the farm on the lake). [Sidenote: VEGA (Span.),] a plain; _e.g._ Vega-de-la-neustra-Senora (the plain of our Lady); Vega-Espinarada (the plain surrounded by thorns). [Sidenote: VELIKA, or WELIKI (Sclav.),] great; _e.g._ Velikaia (the great river); Velikja-luki (the great marsh), in Russia; Welkawes (the great village or dwelling), in Sclavonia; Welka, Welkow, Welchau, Welchow, etc., with the same meaning. [Sidenote: VERNUS (Lat.),]