the alder-tree, Cel. _gwern_; _e.g._ Verney, Vernez, Vernois, Vernoy, Verneuil, Vernieres, etc., the names of various places in France. [Sidenote: VIE, VE, WY (Scand.),] holy; _e.g._ Wydale (the holy valley); Wyborg, Weighton, Wisby, Wigthorpe (holy dwelling); Wigan, anc. _Wibiggan_ (the holy building), in Lancashire; Wigton, in Cumberland (holy town); but Wigton, in Scotland (the town on the bay, _vig_); Sviga (holy river), in Russia; Sviajsk (the town on the holy river); Sveaborg and Viborg (holy town); Sviatos-nos (holy cape); Sviatskaia (holy town, or of the deity worshipped by the Sclavonians, called _Sviatovid_), in Russia. [Sidenote: VILLA (Lat.),] a farm, manor, or town, with its derivatives in the Romance languages; _e.g._ Villa-hermosa (the beautiful town); Villa-franca-de-panades (the free town of the bakers), in Spain. In France: Charleville (named after Charles, Duc de Nevers); Flamanville (founded by a colony of Flemings), in Normandy; Joinville, Lat. _Jovis-Villa_ (the city of Jove, named from a Roman tower near the town); Luneville (the city of the moon), supposed to have been named from a temple to Diana; Offranville, in Normandy, Lat. _Vulfrani Villa_ (the manor of Wulfran); Auberville and Aubervilliers (the manors of Albert); Thionville (the manor of Theodone), Lat. _Theodonis Villa_; La Ville-tertre (hill town); Deville, formerly _Dei Villa_ (the city of God); Marteville, Lat. _Martis Villa_ (of Mars); Villa-Viçosa (abundant town), in Spain and Portugal; Villa-rica (rich town); Yeovil, in Somerset (the town on the R. Yeo); Maxwell, in Kirkcudbright and in Roxburghshire, corrupt. from _Maccusville_ (the manor or settlement of Maccus, to whom the lands were given by David I.); Philipville or Philipstadt, in Belgium (named by Charles V. after his son); Louisville, in the United States (named after Louis XVI., whose troops assisted the Americans in the War of Independence). [Sidenote: VINEA, VINETUM (Lat.),] a vineyard; _e.g._ Le Vignæ, La Vignelle, Les Vigneaux, Vigneaux, Vigny, Vinax, and places abounding in the vine; La Vigne, in France. [Sidenote: VOE (Scand.), VOGR,] a bay; _e.g._ Leirvogr (mud bay); Laxvoe (salmon bay); Siliavoe (herring bay); Grunavoe (green bay); Westvoe (west bay); Aithsvoe (the bay on the _aith_ or headland); Sandvoe (sandy bay); Kaltenwaag (cold bay); Vaage (on the bay), a town in Norway. [Sidenote: VORM (Ger.),] in front of; _e.g._ Vormbach, Vormbusch, Vormhorst, Vormhagen (in front of the brook, thicket, wood, and hedge). W [Sidenote: WAD, WATH (A.S.), VAD (Scand.),]