Perigord, named from the _Petrocorii_ Perm, anc. _Biarmaland_, the country of the Biarmi Pernambuco, the mouth of hell, so called from the violent surf at the mouth of its harbour Pernau, 126 Pershore, 130 Perth, 19 Perthddu, Welsh, the black brake or brushwood, in Wales Perugia, 152 Peshawur, the advanced fortress Pesth, 150 Peterhead, 112 Peterwarden, the fortress of Peter the Hermit Petra, the stony Petropaulovski, the port of Peter and Paul Pforzheim, 135 Philadelphia, the town of brotherly love, in America Philippi, named after Philip of Macedon Philippine Isles, named after Philip II. of Spain Philipstown, in Ireland, named after Philip, the husband of Queen Mary Phocis, the place of seals Phœnice, either the place of palms or the Phœnician settlement Phœnix Park, in Dublin, 80 Piedmont, the foot of the mountain Pietermaritzburg, named after two Boer leaders Pillau, 153 Pisgah Mountain, the height Pittenweem, 157 Pittsburg, named after William Pitt Placentia, Lat. the pleasant place Plassy, named from a grove of a certain kind of tree Plattensee or Balaton, 173 Plenlimmon Mountain, Welsh, the mountain with five peaks Plock, or Plotsk, 26 Ploermel, 157 Podgoricza, 157 Poictiers, named from the _Pictones_ Poland, Sclav. the level land Polynesia, 112 Pomerania, 143 Pondicherri, Tamil, the new village Pontoise, 159 Poole, 158 Popocatepetl Mountain, the smoking mountain Portrush, 168 Portugal, 156 Potenza, Lat. _Potentia_, the powerful Potsdam, 157 Powys, the name of an ancient district in North Wales, signifying a place of rest Pozoblanco, 161 Prague, Sclav. _Prako_, the threshold Prato-Vecchio, 160 Prenzlow, the town of Pribislav, a personal name Presburg or Brezisburg, the town of Brazilaus Prescot, 55 Presteign and Preston, 194 Privas, anc. _Privatium Castra_, the fortress not belonging to the state, but private property Prossnitz, on the R. Prosna Providence, in U.S., so named by Roger Williams, who was persecuted by the Puritan settlers in Massachusetts because he preached toleration in religion, and was obliged to take refuge at that place, to which, in gratitude to God, he gave this name Prussia, the country of the _Pruezi_ Puebla, Span. a town or village Puebla-de-los-Angelos, the town of the angels, so called from its fine climate Puenta-de-la-Reyna, 159 Puerto, the harbour Pulo-Penang, 161 Puozzuoli, 161 Puy-de-dome, 156 Pwlhelli, 159 Pyrenees Mountains, named either from the Basque _pyrge_, high, or from the Celtic _pyr_, a fir-tree Pyrmont, 142 Q Quang-se, the western province, in China