Produced by Ron Swanson VOL. III, PP. 31-40, APRIL 30, 1891 THE NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC MAGAZINE GEOGRAPHY OF THE LAND ANNUAL REPORT BY VICE-PRESIDENT HERBERT G. OGDEN WASHINGTON PUBLISHED BY THE NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC SOCIETY Price 25 Cents. {31} VOL. III, PP. 31-40, APRIL 30, 1891 THE NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC MAGAZINE GEOGRAPHY OF THE LAND. ANNUAL REPORT BY VICE-PRESIDENT HERBERT G. OGDEN. (_Presented to the Society January 23, 1891_.) Very few of the geographic events of the past year have been of such an essential nature as to require a reference in this report, and yet some of them are of surpassing interest. Fraught, as many of them are, with policies that must have a marked influence in the future in developing the still uncivilized regions and increasing the prosperity of the established communities, they present a field for research that has already attracted the political economist, enlisted the labor of the philanthropist, and excited the cupidity of commerce. * * * * * The division of Africa, as commonly referred to, has naturally aroused the most profound attention of all civilized peoples. But few have attempted to penetrate the darkness of the future with predictions of the ultimate results of the partition of this great continent. That civilization will eventually follow, we may feel reasonably assured; and if we could but see the end in the establishment of powerful nations without the repetition of history in the quarrels, strife, and war that have preceded the settled order of political progression on other continents, we might well hope the human had improved his humanity and believe we had entered the border land of the millennium that enthusiasts have so long held up to us as the final stage in the progress of man.