German War Practices, Part 1: Treatment of Civilians
History
German War Practices, Part 1: Treatment of Civilians
World War, 1914-1918 -- Atrocities
"On account of the destruction of the bridge of F----, I order: The
district shall pay a special contribution of 10,000,000 francs by
way of amends. This is brought to the notice of the public who are
informed that the method of assessment will be announced later and
that the payment of the said sum will be enforced with the utmost
severity. The village of F---- will be destroyed immediately by fire,
with the exception of certain buildings occupied for the use of the
troops."
These forms have been of great use to the German commanders in Belgium
and northern France. The closeness with which they have been followed
in these conquered lands, during the present war, may be seen by
reading the following proclamations and the other proclamations which
are printed elsewhere in this pamphlet.
"The City of Brussels, exclusive of its suburbs, has been punished by
an additional fine of 5,000,000 francs on account of the attack made
upon a German soldier by Ryckere, one of its police officials.
"The Governor of Brussels,
"BARON VON LUETTWITZ.
"_November 1, 1914._"
Placard posted on the walls of Lunéville by order of the German
authorities:
"Notice to the People.
"Some of the inhabitants of Lunéville made an attack from ambuscade on
the German columns and wagons (_trains_). The same day [some of the]
inhabitants shot at sanitary formations marked with the Red Cross. In
addition, German wounded and the military hospital containing a German
ambulance were fired upon.
"Because of these acts of hostility a fine of 650,000 francs is
imposed upon the commune of Lunéville. The mayor is ordered to pay
this sum in gold or silver up to 50,000 francs, September 6, 1914,
at nine o'clock in the morning, to the representative of the German
military authority. All protests will be considered null and void. No
delay will be granted.
"If the commune does not punctually obey the order to pay the sum of
650,000 francs, all property that can be levied upon will be seized.
"In case of non-payment, visits from house to house will be made
and all the inhabitants will be searched. If anyone knowingly has
concealed money or attempted to hold back his goods from the seizure
by the military authorities, or if anyone attempts to leave the city,
he will be shot.
"The Mayor and the hostages taken by the military authorities will be
held responsible for the exact execution of the above orders.
"The Mayor is ordered to publish immediately this notice to the
Commune.
"Hénaménil, Sept. 3, 1914.
"The General in Chief,
"VON FASBENDER."
The German officers were provided with the forms to be used in
terrorizing the conquered people. The common soldiers were provided
with phrase books which would enable them to impose their will upon the
terrified people. Minister Brand Whitlock in his report to the State
Department on September 12, 1917, writes:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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