The Russian armaments of 1913 are also significant. The most important event was the appearance in October of the draft of a law to prolong the term of active service by three months and that in the decisive time from January first (fourteenth) to April first (fourteenth). As in Russia, the recruits are called in at latest by November fifteenth. Russia will, until spring, still have under arms, besides the recruits, the trained contingents of three years in the infantry—four, indeed, in the cavalry. That considerably increases her readiness for war. And in addition to lengthening the term of service the number of recruits is still further increased by twenty thousand men. The momentary military strength of the Russian empire is about one and one-half millions, of which about 1,200,000 concern Europe (thirty army corps and twenty-four cavalry divisions). But already for 1914 we can reckon on the formation of from two to three new army corps and on a considerable increase of the artillery by at least forty batteries, for which purpose three hundred twenty million marks have been called for. To make mobilization speedier and to facilitate the march to the west boundary railroads are to be built. The estimates for this are about two hundred sixty million marks. The following stretches are under consideration: 1. Nowogeorgiewsk to Plozk on the Vistula. 2. Cholm—Tomoschow—Belzek. 3. Schepetowka—Proskurow—Larga. In addition a number of lines are planned of which one is to encircle our province of East Prussia. Along the German frontier, too, the erection of wireless stations has energetically been taken in hand. Likewise they have begun to modernize their fort and field artillery. Side by side with these endeavors go intended improvements in military education and training and organized changes in the situation of the officers’ corps and general staff in the way of raising salaries and of quicker advancement. Thus for the Russian army, too, and its capacity for service the year 1913 is to be looked upon as important.