20·532 per cent, consisting of {Silica 13·940 per cent. {Alumina 6·592 ” Lime 0·903 ” Sulphur 16·584 ” Arsenic 33·267 ” Iron 27·720 ” Cobalt 0·964 ” Nickel Traces. (5 oz. 3 dwt. 8 gr. per ton) Gold -- (0 oz. 16 dwt. 0 gr. ” ) Silver -- ------- Total 99·970 ” Professor Newbery, who made many valuable suggestions on the subject, says, speaking of gold in pyritous lodes:-- “As it (the gold salt) may have been in the same solution that deposited the pyrites, which probably contained its iron in the form of proto-carbonate with sulphates, it was not easy at first to imagine any ordinary salt of iron; but this I find can be accomplished with very dilute solutions in the presence of an alkaline carbonate and a large excess of carbonic acid, both of which are common constituents of mineral waters, especially in Victoria. This is true of chloride of gold, and if the sulphide is required in solution, it is only necessary to charge the solution with an excess of sulphuretted hydrogen. In this manner both sulphides may be retained in the same solution, depositing gradually with the escape of the carbonic acid.” Pyritous lodes usually contain a considerable proportion of calcareous matter, mostly carbonates, and consequently it appears not improbable that the gold may remain in some instances as a sulphide, particularly in samples of pyrites, in which it cannot be detected even by the microscope until by calcination the iron sulphide is changed to an oxide, wherein the gold may be seen in minute metallic specks. The whole subject is full of interest, and careful scientific investigation may lead to astonishing results. CHAPTER V THE GENESIOLOGY OF GOLD--AURIFEROUS DRIFTS Having considered the origin of auriferous lodes, and the mode by which in all probability the gold was conveyed to them and deposited as a metal, it is necessary also to inquire into the derivation of the gold of our auriferous drifts, and the reasons for its occurrence therein.