TIME ACTION 1 Move program tape. Move input tape if read out of in last cycle. 2 Read program tape, determining the receiving register. Read through the computing circuit setting up the _C_5 register. 3 Move program tape. Energize the _E_ relay belonging to the receiving register. 4 Read program tape again, determining the sending register. 5 Transfer information by reading through the Select-Sending-Register circuit and the Select-Receiving-Register circuit. In order that information may remain in storage until wanted, register relays should hold their information until just before the next information is received. This can be accomplished by keeping current in their coils or in other ways. There is a type of relay called a _latch relay_, which is made with two coils and a latch. This type of relay has the property of staying or latching in either position until the opposite coil is impulsed (see Fig. 13). This type of relay would be especially good for the registers of Simon. If any reader sets to work to construct Simon, and if questions arise, the author will be glad to try to answer them. Chapter 4 COUNTING HOLES: PUNCH-CARD CALCULATING MACHINES When we think of counting, we usually think of saying softly to ourselves “one, two, three, four, ···.” This is a good way to find the total of a small group of objects. But when we have a large group of objects or a great many groups of objects to be counted, a much faster way of counting is needed. A very fast way of sorting and counting is _punch-card calculating machinery_. This is machinery which handles information expressed as holes in cards. _Punch-card machines_ can: Sort, count, file, select, and copy information, Make comparisons, and choose according to instructions, Add, subtract, multiply, and divide, List information, and print totals. For example, in a life insurance company, much routine handling of information about insurance policies is necessary: Writing information on newly issued policies. Setting up policy-history cards. Making out notices of premiums due. Making registers of policies in force, lapsed, died, etc., for purposes of valuation as required by law or good management. Calculating and tabulating premium rates, dividend rates, reserve factors, etc. Computing and tabulating expected and actual death rates; and much more. All these operations can be done almost automatically by punch-card machines. ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT