Glimpses of the dark ages : $b or, Sketches of the social condition of Europe, from the fifth to the twelfth centuryAnonymous
History
Glimpses of the dark ages : $b or, Sketches of the social condition of Europe, from the fifth to the twelfth century
Anonymous
Civilization, Medieval
But commercial dealings in this market are sadly fettered. Witness
the following enactments: "If any of the people of Kent buy anything
in the city of London, he must have two or three honest men, or the
king's ports' reeve present at the bargain."--"Let none exchange one
thing for another, except in the presence of the sheriff, the mass
priest, the lord of the manor, or some other person of undoubted
veracity. If they do otherwise they shall pay a fine of thirty
shillings, besides forfeiting the goods so exchanged to the lord of
the manor." These restrictions, which apply to the sale of all
articles above the value of twenty pence, are evidently intended for
the security of the revenue, to which a certain tax is paid on
everything which is purchased at a price above that sum. We may add,
that the market is held once a week. Sunday was once, in most towns,
the market-day--and still is, in some--to suit the convenience of the
people who then have leisure, and are congregated together in the
town to attend on mass: but the clergy, who justly consider this a
sad profanation, have long endeavoured to put a stop to the practice,
and to shift the market to the Saturday; in which laudable design
they have succeeded, in many places.
In our imaginary ramble through the Anglo-Saxon town, we have met
with a number of slaves. They form the population below the ceorls.
Slavery existed in England before the Saxon invasion, and has been
perpetuated by the conquerors. Part of the conquered Britons were
reduced to this degraded state by their new lords; and some freeborn
Saxons have, on account of debt, want, crime, or inability to resist
oppression, been drawn into this abject class of the population. The
disenfranchisement of the free is attended by significant and
disgraceful rites. The unhappy individual resigns his sword and
lance, and receives the bill and goad; he then humbly kneels, and
places his head under the hand of his master, as a sign of full
submission. Slaves are common articles of traffic, and are publicly
sold in the Anglo-Saxon markets. The importation of slaves from
other countries is allowed, but the exportation of native slaves is
forbidden; yet an illicit trade of the latter kind is carried on
particularly at Bristol, where the Anglo-Saxons may be found selling
to the Irish, not only their servants, but even their own children
and other relatives.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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