JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY STUDIES IN HISTORICAL AND POLITICAL SCIENCE HERBERT B. ADAMS, Editor History is past Politics and Politics present History--_Freeman_ NINTH SERIES I-II GOVERNMENT AND ADMINISTRATION OF THE UNITED STATES BY WESTEL W. WILLOUGHBY, A.B. _Fellow in History_ AND WILLIAM F. WILLOUGHBY, A.B. _U.S. Department of Labor_ 1801 TABLE OF CONTENTS. Chapters. I. Preface II. Government Monarchy Absolute Limited Aristocracy Democracy Republic Popular Government III. Functions of Government Necessary Optional IV. Colonial Governments: Their Relation to Each Other, and to England Provincial Proprietary Charter V. Steps Toward Union--Articles of Confederation New England Confederation Albany Convention Stamp Act Congress First Continental Congress Second Continental Congress Articles of Confederation Elements Tending to Separation and to Union Purposes of the Confederation Scheme of Government under the Articles Defects of the Articles VI. Adoption of the Constitution The Constitutional Convention Arguments For and Against Adoption VII. Presidential Succession VIII. Election of Senators IX. Congressional Government X. Cabinet and Executive Departments State Department Treasury Department War Department Navy Department Interior Department Commissioner of Land Office Commissioner of Pensions Commissioner of Patents Commissioner of Indian Affairs Bureau of Education Commissioner of Railroads Geological Survey Superintendent of the Census Post Office Department Department of Justice Department of Agriculture Department of Labor Interstate Commerce Commission Fish Commission Civil Service Commission Government Printing Office National Museum, Smithsonian Institution, and Bureau of Ethnology Librarian of Congress XI. The Federal Judiciary Federal Judicial System District Courts Circuit Courts Jurisdiction XII. Ordinance for Government of the Northwest Territory XIII. Government of Territories Admission of a Territory as a State XIV. State Governments State Constitutions State Legislatures State Executives State Judiciary XV. Local Government In New England In the South In the West XVI. City Government XVII. Government Revenue and Expenditure Federal Government State and Local Taxes Expenditures Maryland Baltimore