Goya, an account of his life and worksCalvert, Albert Frederick
History
Goya, an account of his life and works
Calvert, Albert Frederick
Goya, Francisco, 1746-1828
In the same month the Court was stricken by the exposure of the plot and
counterplot planned by the rascally favourite and the intriguing Crown
Prince. Godoy was charged by Ferdinand with the intention of killing the
King and his family and seizing the throne; Ferdinand was surprised in a
plot which embraced the imprisonment if not the death of his father. The
Prince of the Asturias was placed under arrest, and the King applied to
Napoleon for his advice. Junot marched into Portugal; French troops
poured into Spain; the Portuguese Regent, at the advice of Lord
Strangford, transferred his court to Brazil. On March 17, 1808, the
troops, in favour of Ferdinand, prevented Godoy from leaving Aranguez,
and two days later threw him, bruised and bleeding, at the feet of the
Prince of the Asturias, who gave his father to understand that, by
virtue of the presence in the capital of his friends the French, he was
absolute master of the situation. Charles IV. signed a decree which made
Ferdinand VII. sovereign of Spain. A few days later he put his name to a
private withdrawal of his abdication; and this document was forwarded to
Napoleon, with a letter offering to conform to whatever the Emperor
might order with regard to him, his queen, and the Prince of the Peace.
Napoleon came south towards Spain. Ferdinand, who hastened north to meet
him, entered Bayonne to find himself a prisoner. Charles IV., with
Maria Luisa and Godoy, followed to Bayonne, and Ferdinand was compelled
to restore the crown to his father, who transferred it to Napoleon. The
cash consideration the King was to receive for his sovereignty was never
paid.
While these base traffickings were occupying the King and his family,
the gallant loyalists of Madrid had risen against the French and
suffered massacre on the terrible Dos de Mayo. Once again the country
was in arms; the Spaniards fought--to instance only the sieges of
Zaragoza and Valencia--with superb valour, but the Junta continued its
servile negotiations with Napoleon, and Joseph Buonaparte, King of
Naples, was summoned by his brother to rule over Spain. On July 9, 1808,
Joseph I. set foot in his new kingdom. On the 17th the French were
defeated in the battle of Baileu, and the victorious Spanish troops
advanced over the Sierra Morena to Madrid. The new king fled the
capital. Napoleon in person took command of the army which was to
reconquer Spain, and advanced into the heart of Castile. The left
division of the Spanish army was defeated on November 11, the right was
driven into the mountains of Aragon, the centre was completely crushed
at Tudela on November 26. A fortnight later the Emperor entered Madrid,
and Joseph I. was restored to the throne of Spain.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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