Graham's Magazine, Vol. XXXVI, No. 6, June 1850Various
General
Graham's Magazine, Vol. XXXVI, No. 6, June 1850
Various
Literature -- Periodicals; Literature, Modern -- 19th century -- Periodicals
The division of the Universe and the arrangement of the materials
according to the three kingdoms of Hell, Purgatory and Paradise,
independently of the peculiar meaning of these ideas in Christian
theology, are also a general symbolic form, so that one does not see why
under the same form every remarkable age should not have its own Divine
Comedy. As in the Modern Drama the form of five acts is assumed as the
usual one, because every event may be regarded in its Beginning, its
Progress, its Culmination, its _Dénouement_, and its final Consummation,
so this Trichotomy, or threefold division of Dante in the higher
prophetic poetry, which is to be the expression of a whole age, is
conceivable as a general form, which in its filling-up may be infinitely
varied, as by the power of original invention it can always be quickened
into new life. Not alone however as an external form, but as an
emblematical expression of the internal type of all Science and Poetry
is that form eternal and capable of embracing in itself the three great
objects of Science and culture,—Nature, History and Art. Nature, as the
birth of all things, is the eternal Night; and as that unity through
which these are in themselves, it is the aphelion of the universe, the
point of farthest removal from God, the true centre. Life and History,
whose nature is gradual progress, are only a process of clarification, a
transition to an absolute condition. This can nowhere be found save in
Art, which anticipates eternity, is the Paradise of life, and is truly
in the centre.
Dante’s Poem, therefore, viewed from all sides, is not an isolated work
of a particular age, a particular stage of culture; but it is
archetypal, by the universal interest which it unites with the most
absolute Individuality,—by its universality, in virtue of which it
excludes no side of life and culture,—and finally by its form, which is
not a peculiar type, but the type of the theory of the Universe, in
general.
The peculiar internal arrangement of the Poem certainly cannot possess
this universal interest, since it is formed upon the ideas of the time,
and the peculiar views of the poet. On the other hand, as is to be
expected from a work so artistic and full of purpose, the general inner
type is again externally imaged forth, through the form, color, sound of
the three great Divisions of the Poem.
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