Graham's Magazine, Vol. XXXVII, No. 3, September 1850Various
General
Graham's Magazine, Vol. XXXVII, No. 3, September 1850
Various
Literature -- Periodicals; Literature, Modern -- 19th century -- Periodicals
Macbeth and Banquo now encounter the weird sisters on the heath.
Macbeth’s exclamations relate chiefly to the _ambiguity_ of their
_appearance_. He says, they “look not like the inhabitants of the earth,
and yet are on it.” They “_seem_ to understand me.”
They should be women,
And yet their beards forbid me to interpret
That they are so.
The witches then salute Macbeth in terms which are to him
_incomprehensible_. They call him Thane of Cawdor, which he is, but does
not know it. They also salute Banquo in ambiguous language: “Lesser than
Macbeth and greater.” “Not so happy, yet much happier,” etc., etc.
The witches now “melt into the wind;” upon which Banquo says,
The earth hath _bubbles_ as the water has,
And these are of them.
Ross and Angus now enter and salute Macbeth as Thane of Cawdor, who,
finding the prediction of the witches verified in this particular, asks
Banquo whether he does not hope his children shall be kings. Banquo’s
answer points to the _ambiguity_ of appearances,
That trysted home,
Might yet enkindle you unto the crown,
Besides the Thane of Cawdor. But ’tis strange;
And oftentimes to win us to our harm,
The instruments of darkness tell us truths;
Win us with honest trifles to betray us
In deepest consequence.
Macbeth falls into meditation on the subject; thinks this “supernatural
soliciting” cannot be ill, because it has already given him earnest of
success; cannot be good, because it breeds horrid suggestions in his
mind. The appearances are _ambiguous_ and bewilder him. Banquo,
observing his abstraction, remarks that new honors come upon him like
“strange garments,” wanting the _formality_ of use to make them sit
easy.
The next Scene, (the 4th) though a short one, contains several very
pointed references to the central idea. Malcolm reports to Duncan that
Cawdor, when led to execution, had frankly confessed his treasons;
whereupon Duncan says,
There’s no art
To find the mind’s construction in the face;
He was a gentleman on whom I built
An absolute trust.
This reflection is commonplace enough in itself, but is rendered
eminently striking by his cordial reception of Macbeth the next moment;
he hails as his deliverer, and enthrones in his heart, the man who is
already meditating his destruction, and that very night murders him in
his sleep. Thus precept and example concur in teaching the _uncertainty
of appearances_. Again Duncan says:
My _plenteous joys_,
Wanton in fullness, seek to hide themselves
In _drops of sorrow_.
He then declares his intention to confer _appropriate_ honors on all
deservers, and renews his expressions of confidence in Macbeth.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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