Note: Project Gutenberg also has an HTML version of this file which includes the almost 500 original illustrations. See 52906-h.htm or 52906-h.zip: (http://www.gutenberg.org/files/52906/52906-h/52906-h.htm) or (http://www.gutenberg.org/files/52906/52906-h.zip) Images of the original pages are available through Internet Archive. See https://archive.org/details/gravemoundstheir00jewiuoft Transcriber's note: Text enclosed by underscores is in italics (_italics_). Text enclosed by equal signs is in bold face (=bold=). Some characters might not display in this UTF-8 text version or in the html version. If so, the reader should consult the original page images referred to above. GRAVE-MOUNDS AND THEIR CONTENTS. [Illustration: CIB HILL TUMULUS, NEAR ARBOR-LOW, DERBYSHIRE.] GRAVE-MOUNDS AND THEIR CONTENTS: A Manual of Archæology, As Exemplified in the Burials of the Celtic, the Romano-British, and the Anglo-Saxon Periods. by LLEWELLYNN JEWITT, F.S.A., ETC., ETC. With nearly Five Hundred Illustrations. London: Groombridge and Sons, 5, Paternoster Row. 1870. TO MY OLD AND MUCH-ESTEEMED FRIEND, JOSEPH MAYER, ESQ., FELLOW OF THE SOCIETY OF ANTIQUARIES OF LONDON; FELLOW OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF NORTHERN ANTIQUARIES OF COPENHAGEN; FELLOW OF THE ROYAL ASIATIC SOCIETY; MEMBER OF THE SOCIETIES OF ANTIQUARIES OF FRANCE, NORMANDY, THE MORINI, ETC., ETC., ETC.; ONE OF THE MOST ARDENT AND ZEALOUS OF ARCHÆOLOGISTS, AND MOST KINDLY OF MEN; THE PRINCELY DONOR TO THE PUBLIC OF THE FINEST AND MOST EXTENSIVE MUSEUM OF ANTIQUITIES EVER COLLECTED TOGETHER BY A SINGLE INDIVIDUAL; I, WITH TRUE PLEASURE, Dedicate this Volume. LLEWELLYNN JEWITT. CONTENTS. CHAPTER I. Page Grave-mounds in general--Their Historical Importance--General Situation--Known as Barrows, Houes, Tumps, and Lows--List of Names--Division into Periods 1 CHAPTER II. Ancient British or Celtic Period--General characteristics of the Barrows--Modes of construction--Interments by inhumation and by cremation--Positions of the Body--Hitter Hill Barrow--Elliptical Barrow at Swinscoe--Burial in contracted position--In sitting and kneeling positions--Double Interments 6 CHAPTER III. Ancient British or Celtic Period--Interment by cremation--Discovery of lead--Burial in Urns--Positions of Urns--Heaps of burnt Bones--Burnt Bones enclosed in cloth and skins--Stone Cists--Long-Low--Liff’s-Low, etc.--Pit Interments--Tree-coffins 31 CHAPTER IV.