[Illustration: FIG. 22.—Vase-painting by Euphronios—Munich. Furtwängler and Reichhold, _Griechische Vasenmalerei_, 22. _Face page_ 55.] [Illustration: FIG. 23.—The Chlamys and Petasos. _Face page_ 55.] Another variety of over-garment worn by men is the χλάμυς, a cloak used for riding or travelling. It is considered to be of Macedonian origin,[100] another form of it being the ζειρά, a rough Thracian riding-cloak sometimes depicted on Greek vases.[101] It was probably brought into Greece from the north by the Dorian invaders when they came down, and in its origin may have been no different from the Homeric χλαῖνα. In classical times it was always worn over the short chiton by travellers and riders, and was the characteristic dress of Ephebi.[102] The Parthenon frieze affords abundant illustration of the way in which it was worn. Like the himation, it consisted of a rectangular piece of material, but was of a slightly different shape, being rather more oblong; in fact, when doubled it would form almost a perfect square. Its normal dimensions would be about 6 to 7 feet long by 3½ feet wide. In putting it on, the wearer would double it round him and stand inside it, so that the middle line came along the back of the left arm and shoulder; he would then fasten the two sides together with a brooch on the right shoulder, close to the neck, at the points _e_ and _f_ in the accompanying diagram; the corners _d_ and _b_ would hang down in front and behind respectively at a distance of about 1 foot from the ground, and the corners _a_ and _c_ would hang down together along the right side; the left arm which held the reins in riding would thus be covered, while the right would be free to hold spear or whip. The left could easily be freed also by swinging the cloak round so that the brooch came under the chin instead of on the shoulder; the two corners _a_ and _c_ could then be thrown back over the arms. The χλάμυς is frequently represented in art worn in this way, especially in cases where the wearer is occupied in vigorous action. [100] Pauly-Wissowa, _Real Encyclopädie_. [101] Fig. 22. [102] Fig. 23. [Illustration: FIG. 24.] IV IONIC