A state combining the character of the Dorians and the genius of the Ionians history has failed to produce. Isocrates cherished a hope that Athens and Sparta might divide the headship of a gloriously united Greece. After Chæronea he was even far-sighted enough to plead for the willing union of Hellas under Philip of Macedon. Hopes like these proved either futile or too mean. But his pride in the spiritual achievements of his own city has been approved by Time, “the Inspector-General of men’s deeds.” The institutions of Sparta like every other product of the Greek mind went into the crucible of Athens. And this city, triumphing beyond the orator’s boast, “has caused the name of Hellene to seem to be matter no longer of birth but of intellect, and has made them bear it whose claim is that of culture rather than of origins.” APPENDIX Usually only the first line of citations is noted. CHAPTER I. =Page 2= (third paragraph) Cf. Curtius, _Greek History_, I, p. 23 and _passim_. Plato, _Timæus_, 22 B. =3= Quotation from Curtius, _Greek History_, I, p. 32. =5= Hatzidakis, _Neugriechische Grammatik_, p. 4. =9= Quotation from Tozer, _Geography of Greece_, p. 44. Cf. _passim_. =10-12= Æschylus, _Agamemnon_, 281. =17-18= Æschylus, _Agamemnon_, 454. =19= Homer, _Odyssey_, VI, 130; V, 51; _Iliad_, VIII, 553. =20= Homer, _Odyssey_, VI, 162. Pindar, _Olymp._, II, 70. =21= Pindar, _Olymp._, VI, 54. =22= Æschylus, _Agamemnon_, 1390. =23= Æschylus, _Agamemnon_, 563; _Prometheus_, I, 88. =24= Sophocles, _Philoctetes_, 936; _Œdipus Tyrannus_, 204. =25= Aristophanes, _Clouds_, 275. =26= Aristophanes, _Peace_, 571. Æschylus, _Agamemnon_, 142. Euripides, _Hippolytus_, 70. =27= Euripides, _Trojan Women_, 845; _Bacchæ_, 1084. Plato, _Phædrus_, 229, 230. =28= _Greek Anthology_, Pal., VII, 669. Very probably by Plato; App. Plan., 13, attributed to Plato, but probably of later date. Theocritus, _Idyl_, VII, 134. CHAPTER II. =Page 37= Thucydides, VI, 30. =38= Æschylus, _Agamemnon_, 763; 433. =39= Lucian, _When My Ship Comes In_ (_Navigium_), 5. =43= Æschylus, _Suppliants_, 715. =44= Isocrates, _Areopagiticus_, 66. =45= Plato, _Symposium_, 173 B. Lucian, _Navigium_, 35. =46= Xenophon, _Hellenica_, II, 4, 11. =47-48= Lysias, _Against Eratosthenes_, 4. =49= Menander, _Fragments_. =50= Plato, _Republic_, 439, E. 54 _Greek Anthology_, Pal., VII, 639.