Greek drama (Tragedy) -- History and criticism; Mythology, Greek, in literature
Prig as he is, Orestes has nevertheless some elements of nobility at the
first. He can tell his uncle plainly that his disease is “conscience,
which convicts me for a criminal”;[713] he shows real regard for Electra;
the splendidly selfless friendship between him and Pylades stirs every
one. As the play advances, however, we are lost in the loathing and
breathless wonder wherewith we gaze upon the increasing insanity of the
wretched prince.[714] Each moment he becomes more vigorous and more lost
to sense of right; when Electra suggests the vilest part of the plot—the
seizure of Hermione—he breaks forth into a cry like Macbeth’s: “Bring
forth men-children only!”[715]
Electra has been the chief definite cause of Orestes’ fall. Amazingly
vivid, she fills the whole drama with a thin acrid fume of malice. Her
ruling passion is not mere hatred against Clytæmnestra. That bitterness
has spread until (saving her tenderness for Orestes) there is nothing in
her but a narrow viperishness. When an innocent like Hermione draws near,
the fang strikes by instinct. Her intensity of feeling and her years have
made her Orestes’ monitor long before he returned home, and it is she
to whom Tyndareus points, in searing language, as the more guilty.[716]
Another influence has soured her, that lack of husband and children on
which Helen, with the brutality so frequent in shallow natures, insists
at their first meeting.[717] But Electra has vastly more common-sense
than her brother or Pylades, and it is to her that the delightful
comment on Helen is given:[718]
Ah, Nature!...
Saw ye how tiny was that tress she cut,
Sparing her beauty? ’Tis the old Helen still!
But her sense of humour cannot sustain her heart long:
Heaven’s hatred seize thee! Thou hast wrought the fall
Of me, and this my brother, and of Greece.
These two women, so pungently contrasted in one brief scene, share,
however, one attribute—that nerveless theology which Euripides detested
as rotting the moral fibre. Electra muses upon “suffering and disaster
sent by Heaven”.[719] Helen attributes her elopement with Paris to
the “maddening doom of Heaven,”[720] which has also “destroyed this
hapless pair”[721]—her nephew and niece. The latter in her lyric outcry
explores[722] all the legends of her line to discover the cause of the
present disaster, a method which the chorus, for all their sympathy,
indeed complicity,[723] seem to parody by the ludicrous baldness of their
reflection that this horror of fiends and bloodshed has fallen upon the
house “because Myrtilus fell out of the chariot”![724]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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