Since about 1933 the United States Indian Service has not only allowed but rather encouraged the Indians to revert to their own religious ceremonies. They have always been religious. The Spanish colonists of the Southwest, as elsewhere, were zealously Catholic, and their descendants have generally remained Catholic. The first English-speaking settlers of the region--the colonists led by Stephen F. Austin to Texas--were overwhelmingly Protestant, though in order to establish Mexican citizenship and get titles to homestead land they had, technically, to declare themselves Catholics. One of the causes of the Texas Revolution as set forth by the Texans in their Declaration of Independence was the Mexican government's denial of "the right of worshipping the Almighty according to the dictates of our own conscience." A history of southwestern society that left out the Bible would be as badly gapped as one leaving out the horse or the six-shooter. See chapter entitled "On the Lord's Side" in Dobie's _The Flavor of Texas_. Most of the books listed under "How the Early Settlers Lived" contain information on religion and preachers. Church histories are about as numerous as state histories. Virtually all county histories take into account church development. The books listed below are strong on personal experiences. ASBURY, FRANCIS. Three or more lives have been written of this representative pioneer bishop. BOLTON, HERBERT E. _The Padre on Horseback_, 1932. Life of the Jesuit missionary Kino. OP. BROWNLOW, W. G. _Portrait and Biography of Parson Brownlow, the Tennessee Patriot_, 1862. Brownlow was a very representative figure. Under the title of _William G Brownlow, Fighting Parson of the Southern Highland_, E. M Coulter has brought out a thorough life of him, published by University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, 1937. BURLESON, RUFUS C. _Life and Writings_, 1901. OP. The autobiographical part of this amorphously arranged volume is a social document of the first rank. CARTWRIGHT, PETER. _Autobiography_, 1857. Out of Kentucky, into Indiana and then into Illinois, where he ran against Lincoln for Congress, Cartwright rode with saddlebags and Bible. Sandburg characterizes him as "an enemy of whisky, gambling, jewelry, fine clothes, and higher learning." He seems to me more unlovely in his intolerance and sectarianism than most circuit riders of the Southwest, but as a militant, rough-and-ready "soldier of the Lord" he represented southwestern frontiers as well as his own. CRANFILL, J. B. _Chronicle, A Story of Life in Texas_, 1916. Cranfill was a lot of things besides a Baptist preacher--trail driver, fiddler, publisher, always an observer. OP. DEVILBISS, JOHN WESLEY. _Reminiscences and Events_ (compiled by H. A. Graves), 1886. The very essence of pioneering,