[649] The concussion fuze was set in action by the shock of discharge; the percussion fuze by the shock of impact with the target. [650] Reinaud and Favé, p. 180. [651] Marcus Græcus, recipe 33. [652] Hassan er-Rammah in Reinaud and Favé, p. 24. [653] 1, 2, and 3 oz. rockets in Nye, p. 82. [654] Signal rocket, official “Treat. on Ammunition.” [655] Hassan, as above. [656] Official “Treat. on Ammunition.” [657] Hassan, in Reinaud and Favé, p. 27. [658] Kentish’s “Pyrotechnist’s Treasury,” 1878, p. 187, No. 13. INDEX Abd Allah ibn al-Baythar (_d._ 1248), 16 Abd ur-Razzak on Bijanagar (1441), 115 Accent de Sincérité, 126 Africanus, Sextus Julius, 40 Agniastra, 105 Al-Bunduqani, meaning of, 91 Alor, taking of (A.D. 712), 91 Amiot, Father, on Chinese powder, 128 Ammianus Marcellinus on fire-arrows, 30 Anagram, Friar Bacon’s, suggested solution of, 157 Anna Comnena, Princess, on crossbows, 48 —— on sea-fire, 44 —— on siphons, 43 Antiquity, Chinese veneration for, 125 ’Arába (_Persian_), its double meaning, 114 “Arabian Nights,” mention of astrolabe in, 78 —— mention of _qaus bunduq_ in, 93-4 Arabic language, general ignorance of, in Middle Ages, 82 —— words in _Liber Ignium_, 77 Arangal, siege of (1309), 119 Arderne’s recipe for powder (_cir._ 1350), 177 Arquebuse, original meaning of the word, 92 Arrows for muskets (1588), 200 Artillery, original meaning of the word, 7 Assos, flower of the stone of, 17, 151 Assyrians, early use of incendiaries by the, 29 Astrolabe = Asturlab = Usturlab, origin of, 78 Astronomy, Chinese, 113, 126 Babar’s projectiles, size and price of, 122 Bacon’s (Friar) charcoal, 149 —— mode of refining saltpetre, 25, 151 —— recipe for gunpowder, 157 Baghdad, siege of (A.D. 813), 96 Baldwin I. on Byzantine defences, 84 Balls, hot clay, British and Arabic, 90, 217 Barbour’s “Bruce,” mention of incendiaries in, 50 Barúd (_Arabic_), successive meanings of, 6 Baza, siege of (1325), 100 Bengali gunners, Babar on, 121 Benjamin of Tudela on Byzantines, twelfth century, 53 Bergen op Zoom, siege of (1588), 226 Beringuccio on iron round shot, 201 Berwick, Greek fire at (1319), 50 Bijanagur, alleged use of cannon at (1368), 113 Bilqan, siege of (1256), 203 Bitar taken by a single rocket (1657), 172 Bokhara, siege of (1067), 96 Bombshells originally oblong, 238 Bourne’s “box” for testing powder (1578), 192 Bows, cross-, 48 —— slur-, 168 —— stone-, 93 Boxer’s (General E. M.) wooden time-fuze (1849), 243 “Brazen Head,” legend of Bacon’s, 161 Breteuil, Greek fire at (1356), 51 Bristol, fire-pikes at siege of, (1643), 169 Bronze, Egyptian, 1750 B.C., analysis of, 203 —— price of, at various times, 204 Bullets, hot, for small arms, 202 Bunduq (_Arabic_),successive meanings of, 6 Calthrops = crowsfeet, 170