The bullet was traveling at high velocity of perhaps less than mid range. The treatment is usually that of a simple fracture, and warrants no interference except in case of occasional infection. Results are almost always good. [Illustration: Plate 27.] RIFLE--PLATE 27. UPPER EXTREMITY. Gunshot Fracture of the Radius. The course of the bullet, at long range, has been diagonally anteroposterior through the shaft, causing only a diagonal fracture. The plate was made after a two-weeks’ convalescence, as is shown by the beginning of callus formation. The treatment is that of a simple fracture. Results are good. [Illustration: Plate 28.] RIFLE--PLATE 28. UPPER EXTREMITY. Gunshot Fracture of the Radius. The course of this bullet was anteroposterior and diagonally from above downward through the shaft, punching out one side of the shaft and effecting a diagonal fracture through the bone with only slight displacement. The wound was infected. The radiograph was taken during the course of treatment, after the several small fragments found by the punched-out portion of the bone were removed. A small drainage tube is in the wound, but the size of the forearm shows that the reaction is very moderate. The treatment is that of a simple fracture, except for the indications to be met in the control of infection. Results are good. [Illustration: Plate 29.] RIFLE--PLATE 29. UPPER EXTREMITY. Gunshot Fracture of the Lower End of the Radius. The course of the bullet in long range was diagonally anteroposterior through the ulnar side of the lower end of the bone, with the wound of entrance on the anterior and the wound of exit on the posterior aspect of the wrist. The wound of exit was slightly lacerated by several small fragments driven off from the ulnar side of the radius. These fragments were removed through an incision before the radiograph was made. The emergency treatment of such cases is only antiseptic dressing and splint immobilization. When wound is aseptic or after it has closed, a secondary operation for coaptation, with proper facilities available, might be indicated. The results as to full restoration of joint function are not favorable. [Illustration: Plate 30.] RIFLE--PLATE 30. UPPER EXTREMITY. Gunshot Fracture of the Lower End of the Radius. The course of the missile was diagonally transverse, striking the radius in its lower third. The projectile in this case is unknown, as it might have been either a shrapnel ball or a deformed rifle bullet with a torn jacket, exposing the lead core and marking its course with small particles of lead. The fissures in the lower fragment and the finer fragmentation at the seat of impact, indicate a great striking energy, that more often resides in the high velocity of a rifle bullet than the low velocity of a shrapnel ball. The wound is therefore classified with rifle wounds.