Gutenberg, and the Art of PrintingPearson, Emily C. (Emily Clemens)
History
Gutenberg, and the Art of Printing
Pearson, Emily C. (Emily Clemens)
Gutenberg, Johann, 1397?-1468
After the death of Caxton, Wynken de Worde, his partner, continued to
print in his office, living in his house at Westminster, and styling
himself “Printer to Margaret, etc., the King’s Grandame.” He printed
the Acts of Parliament with the Royal Arms, also many Latin and English
books; in forty years over four hundred volumes.
It is not known that he printed any Greek works, yet he made many
improvements in the art of printing. His first care was to cut a new
set of punches; he sunk these into matrices, and cast several sorts
of printing letters, afterwards used in his books. He was the first
English printer who introduced the Roman letter into England, using it
to mark striking thoughts. His type was remarkable for its precision,
and for a long time was not excelled.
[Illustration: Wynken·de·Worde]
The art of printing was not long in extending to other places in
England besides London. It was started in Oxford in 1480, also at St.
Albans in the same year, and many other places, among which were York,
Canterbury, Worcester, Ipswich, and Norwich. The “Common Prayer” was
printed in Dublin by Humphrey Powell, in quarto, black letter, in 1551.
Before and after that period the authors of Ireland had their works
printed abroad.
“Euclid’s Geometry,” the first work in Latin printed with diagrams, was
issued from the press of Randolt, at Venice, 1482. Aldus also printed
the works of Virgil there, in Italic types, in 1501, the first attempt
at producing cheap books.
Blaeu, who assisted Tycho Brahe in making his mathematical instruments,
effected great improvements in the printing-press. He made nine
presses, and named them after the nine Muses. His fame soon reached
England, where his excellent printing machines were soon after
introduced.
Aldus Manutius, of Venice, during a career of twenty-six years in the
employment of printing, produced editions of nearly all the Greek and
Roman authors then known to exist. He was also the author of several
works of learning,--grammars and dictionaries of the Greek and Latin
languages, the last forming a folio volume, the first that had ever
been prepared.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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