England -- Antiquities, Roman; Hadrian's Wall (England); Walls, Roman -- England
So here we have pagan altars adapted to Christian uses, just as we
have pagan festivals in the Church's calendar; and pagan marriage and
funeral customs, borrowed from Rome, and used in the Christian Church
even to the present day.
After sketching the smiling lady, and finding her fascination grow in
the process, I continued my way up the hill, until I saw on the right
a large reservoir, and on the left three private houses, known as
Condercum, Condercum House, and Pendower. Here the road cuts right
across the site of the Roman fort of CONDERCUM, the third on the line.
The gardener at Pendower was busy just inside the gate, so I inquired
about the Roman remains, and he readily consented to show me what was
to be seen. He led me past mighty rhododendrons, in full bloom, to
the southern side of the garden, where what was evidently a fine
piece of the southern wall of the fort was still standing, some 30
feet long. {45} overgrown with London pride and bluebells, and
shadowed by beautiful trees. Part of a lintel lay amongst the stones.
Hearing that I was "walking the Wall," the gardener recommended to me
the Temperance Hotel at Matfen, kept by some friends of his, and I
made a note of it for future use, and now pass on the recommendation
to my readers. Accommodation along the Wall is not too easy to get.
Matfen is a very pretty village, 2 miles north of the Wall, at a
point 14 miles west of Newcastle.
The gardener pointed out to me, over the dividing fence, the
foundations of the little temple in the grounds of Condercum House,
to which I next made my way. Here another friendly gardener came to
my aid, and I saw the temple at close quarters, with its stone
pavement, circular apse, and solemn grouping of yew-trees round the
apsidal end. These yews were evidently planted soon after the temple
was excavated, some forty years ago. There was a rough stone head of
the Sun-god, and there were mill-stones "for the women to grind the
sacred corn during the temple-services"--so said my guide. Two
altars, which stood in their places at the ends of the apse when the
building was uncovered, are now in the Blackgate Museum, Newcastle.
The eastern wall of the fort runs through these grounds. I was told
that some of the Roman {46} masonry had been knocked down by soldiers
who occupied the house during the recent war, and that it had been
very unsatisfactorily replaced by masons.
The family was away, so the gardener let me roam about by myself; and
in a sunny meadow sloping down towards the Tyne, I found distinct
traces of the suburban buildings of the fort. The Vallum is here
recognizable for the first time, towards the south.
And now to return to the road. Hutton says of the Wall in this part:
"Its bare stones under my feet are frequently distinguishable from
those used for mending the road." But the tarred surface for
motor-cars has quite obliterated every sign of the old stones now.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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