Hallowed Heritage: The Life of VirginiaTorpey, Dorothy Margaret
History
Hallowed Heritage: The Life of Virginia
Torpey, Dorothy Margaret
Virginia -- Civilization
The settlements of the Plymouth Company were unsuccessful. The
London Company had six hundred fifty-nine members, many of whom
were knights, aristocrats and gentlemen of learning as well as the
usual merchant and middle class citizens. In general, there were two
groups of stockholders: the adventurers who purchased the stock but
remained in England, and the planters who personally established
the colony and then lived in it. Although the company was primarily
organized for profit making, it was also expected to help the mother
country, England, by supplying her with products which she herself
could not produce. Some of the colonists sincerely desired to
acquaint and convert the Indians to Christianity. The leader of the
London Company organization was Bartholomew Gosnold and his chief
associates were Edward Maria Wingfield, a rich merchant, Robert
Hunt, a clergyman, George Percy, a poet and scholar, and John Smith,
a versatile individual.
On December 6, 1606, the London Company dispatched three ships from
Blackwell, London, England: the Sarah Constant (or Susan Constant),
captained by Sir Christopher Newport, the Admiral of the fleet; the
Goodspeed (or Godspeed), captained by Bartholomew Gosnold; and the
Discovery (or Discoverer), captained by John Ratcliffe. These ships
carried one hundred twenty passengers, men and boys, only sixteen
of whom died on the long journey to Virginia. This is a very small
number lost when one considers the size and type of ships used, the
extremely long voyage which lasted approximately four months, over
the Atlantic Ocean at its greatest width, the lack of proper food
and drinking water and the severe storm which the fleet encountered
off the Florida coast. This storm blew them off their intended
course to two capes which appeared guarding a huge bay. The settlers
sighted these capes on Sunday, May 6, 1607 and named them Cape Henry
for Henry, Prince of Wales, eldest son of James I, and Cape Charles
for Charles, the Duke of York, another son of James I. The bay was
Chesapeake Bay, so-named by the Indians. They sailed up a river
tributary, called Powhatan by the Indians, to the bay and then to a
peninsula located about fifty miles above its mouth. This site is
believed to have been chosen because the water was deep enough to
allow the ships to dock close to the shore and because a peninsula
could be comparatively easily defended against Indian attacks.
Here the settlers landed on May 24, 1607 and established the first
permanent English settlement in America. They called the settlement
Jamestown in honor of their King, James I, and called the river on
which they had traveled the James River. There, the minister, Parson
Robert Hunt, standing under a ship's canvas sail stretched between
four trees, led a thanksgiving service to God on behalf of all
the passengers for their safe arrival in America. He also had the
privilege of celebrating the first Holy Communion in America. Thus,
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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