Hallowed Heritage: The Life of VirginiaTorpey, Dorothy Margaret
History
Hallowed Heritage: The Life of Virginia
Torpey, Dorothy Margaret
Virginia -- Civilization
The various sections of Virginia were represented at the Fifth
Convention. The type of clothing worn at the convention made the
sections easily recognizable: there was an outstanding contrast
between the homespun, practical clothing of the frontiersmen and the
fancy British-made clothing of the wealthy traders and plantation
owners. The convention members elected delegates to the Continental
Congress and instructed them to propose American independence from
England. The delegates chosen were George Washington, John Blair,
James Madison, George Mason, James McClurg, Edmund Randolph and
George Wythe. On May 15, a resolution was introduced by Archibald
Cary and passed which declared the colony of Virginia a free and
independent State. Immediately the British flag was lowered from the
Capitol at Williamsburg and the colonial colors were raised instead.
At this same convention, on May 27, Archibald Cary presented to the
members the "Declaration of Rights" prepared by George Mason for
this convention. This document stated the fundamental rights of
English colonists as well as of Englishmen.
On June 12, 1776 Mason's "Declaration of Rights" was unanimously
adopted. Its principles were considered so important that they
were later the basis of the Bill of Rights in the United States
Constitution and eventually were used as the background for state
constitution Bills of Rights. The Virginia Bill of Rights is often
referred to as the "Magna Charta of Virginia." George Mason also
recommended the original motto of the official seal of the State of
Virginia at this convention: "Sic Semper Tyrannis"--"Thus Always (or
ever) to Tyrants."
In the same session, James Madison actively participated in a
discussion concerning religious liberty and tolerance. He proposed a
clause in the Virginia Bill of Rights to allow the "free exercise of
religion" because he strongly believed that the state should have no
coercive power over religious thought. This clause was adopted, and
James Madison for the first time attracted state-wide attention to
his thinking and philosophy.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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