+---------------------------+------------------+-------------------+---------------+ | |Average volume in |Average composition| | | |c.c. per 100 c.c. | per cent. | Relation | | | of blood | of gas | of | | |------+-----+-----+-------------------|O_{2} to CO_{2}| | |CO_{2}|O_{2}|Nitr.|CO_{2}| O_{2}|Nitr.| | +---------------------------+------+-----+-----+------+------+-----+---------------+ |Normal cats. | 25·07|13·60| 1·00| 63·2| 34·28| 2·52| 1 to 1·84 | | | | | | | | | | |Reflexes just re-appearing | 29·02|11·49| 1·33| 65·06| 25·44| 2·87| 1 to 2·55 | | | | | | | | | | |Reflexes just disappearing | 29·57| 7·78| 2·15| 69·14| 18·17| 5·09| 1 to 3·8 | | | | | | | | | | |2nd Stage Anæsthesia | 36·00| 8·14| 1·49| 71·27| 16·12| 2·95| 1 to 4·32 | +---------------------------+------+-----+-----+------+------+-----+---------------+ _Other Blood changes in Anæsthesia._ Hamburger and Ewing (_Journal_ of the American Medical Assoc. 1908) examined the blood changes incidental to surgical anæsthesia. Their results may be condensed as follows:-- _Nitrous Oxide._--Hæmoglobin is not permanently decreased and no anæmia follows the administration. Hæmolysis is not increased. The coagulation time of the blood is not always affected in the same direction. Usually it is slightly increased. _Ether._--The hæmoglobin is slightly reduced and anæmia persists for seven to ten days. Hæmolysis is not however materially increased. There is some evidence of blood inspissation. The coagulation time is markedly increased. _Chloroform._--The hæmoglobin is reduced and a distinct anæmia produced. Hæmolysis is definitely increased. There is a slight increase in the coagulation time. INDEX. A Abdominal operations, ix, 7 local anæsthesia in, 187 Abdominal muscles, rigidity of, 19 Abnormalities of anæsthesia, minor, 38 major, 140 Acapnia, 10, 29, 39 Accidents of anæsthesia, 140 Acetonuria, 153 Acidosis, 153 Adenoids, 127, 166 in status lymphaticus, 148 Adrenalin, 175 danger of, with chloroform, 113, 166 Aedentulous patients, 23 After-effects of anæsthetics, _see_ Sequelae Ages, dosage of morphia at various, 45 selection of anæsthetic at various, 164 Airshaft, natural, 96 Airway, natural, 15, 31, 114, 145 artificial, 23 Alcoholics, anæsthesia in, 2, 87, 103, 137, 165 Alkaloids, 12, 43, 88, 103 Aneurysm, 56 Anoci-association, 11