Permits Lead soil, waste, Sewer connections and vent pipes Excavations Lead traps Vitrified sewer pipe Brass traps and fittings Fixture connections (brass) Earthenware traps Wrought-iron, galvanized, or Portland cement asphalt-coated drain, soil, Unglazed drain pipe and vent pipes and fittings Cast-iron soil pipe and Fresh-air inlets, vent caps fittings Vent-pipe flashings Lead and oakum Wall hooks, straps, bands, Cast-iron traps and hangers Handholes and cleanouts Wiping solder Lead bends, brass ferrules Labor GAS-FITTING Permit Chandeliers Tapping main Pendants Excavation Wall brackets Meters Pillar lights Stop-cocks Globes, shades, and fireguards Drip cups Gas stoves and ranges Piping Gas-heater connections Straps and hangers Labor Fittings Pressure regulators PAINTING AND PAPERING PAINTING Body of house Floors Trimmings Ceilings Blinds Walls Roof Sash Porches Shelving Inside work Mantels Oiling Fences Polishing Outbuildings Varnishing Labor PAPERING Paper Lining paper Borders Labor GLAZING Sheet glass Ribbed glass (single or double thick) Frosted glass Plate glass Glaziers’ points Leaded glass Putty (stained or clear) Labor EXCAVATION =7. Excavation= is generally measured by the cubic yard, although, in a few localities, measurement by the perch is still in use. If the latter method is adopted, it should be stated just what is meant by a perch, as this varies considerably in different parts of the country. Before fixing the price for excavation, it is advisable to investigate the character of the soil by making boring tests. Where there is rock to be blasted in making the excavation, a special price should be given in the estimate. If the ground is wet, rendering pumping necessary, provision should be made for the cost of the extra labor needed. The disposition to be made of the excavated material should also be considered; if it must be hauled a long distance, the cost will be much greater than if the soil can be _wasted_ near by. To aid in estimating the actual cost, it is convenient and approximately correct to consider 1 cubic yard of ordinary earth as a load for an ordinary two-horse wagon.