1 2 3 4
Subject Shapes (a) 94% 38% 18% 31%
A Colors (b) 5 61 20 59
Letters and (c)
Numerals 0 0 61 9
Subject (a) 48 39 21 33
B (b) 43 60 29 38
(c) 8 0 51 28
Subject (a) 88 15 26 34
C (b) 8 77 28 8
(c) 5 7 47 58
Subject (a) 60 13 11 40
D (b) 19 67 2 37
(c) 19 19 86 23
Subject (a) 51 15 0 37
E (b) 22 56 8 29
(c) 26 28 91 34
Subject (a) 66 12 0 50
F (b) 14 77 0 27
(c) 19 10 100 23
Subject (a) 43 21 7 24
H (b) 29 52 4 19
(c) 27 26 88 57
The most interesting part of this division of the experiment is brought
out in Table II in answer to the problem, "Will the place of voluntary
attention materially alter the distribution of judgments of the
highest order of certainty among the given groups?" In every case the
percentage is affected, in most cases, greatly affected. Take the case
of subject A, for instance. Although, when his attention is equally
distributed over the field 59% of the judgments we consider were of
colors, yet when his attention was fixed on shapes and on letters and
numerals this fell to 5% and 20% respectively. When it was fixed on
colors, it rose, indeed, only to 61%. When, however, subject A fixed
his attention upon the letters and numerals, 61% of the judgments
were confined to the group attended to,--the same percentage as when
colors were the attended-to group,--although, when his attention was
distributed over the whole field, the percentage of these judgments
about the group of letters and numerals was 9% only. When shapes were
attended to, the 31% of the fourth phase of the experiment rose to
94%,--almost all of the judgments of the highest grade of certainty
that were given were judgments about shapes. A similar study of the
results given in the table can be made for the other subjects. The
degree of change varies with the subject and with the group, but
always there is some change, and often a very marked one. In this
experiment the place of voluntary attention clearly did alter, and
alter materially, the proportion of judgments of the highest order of
certainty made about any given group.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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