In each experiment the observer was allowed to observe as many
complications (coincidences of click and letter) as he desired, in
order to assure himself of his judgment. The experimenter counted and
recorded the number observed in each experiment. Experiments were made
in series of ten. Six different combinations of intervals were used in
this first group of experiments. The auditory intervals (time between
successive clicks) and visual intervals (time between successive
members of the visual series) are given at the tops of the columns in
Table I. This table is a summary presentation of the results of this
group. There were three observers. During each hour of experimentation
with a given observer, at least one series with each of the first four
time-interval combinations was tried out. "Aver. num. Trials" means
the average number of complications observed in the whole number of
tests averaged. "Num. Series av." means the number of series of ten
experiments each averaged to give the displacement results below.
"Aver. Error" is the average of all the displacements of the auditory
impression, _irrespective of the direction of the displacement_. "Mean
Displacement" is the _actual mean displacement_ as obtained by dividing
the algebraic sum of all displacements, positive and negative, by the
number of experiments. The plus sign indicates a positive displacement,
and the minus sign, a negative. Negative and positive are here used in
the sense customary in similar experiments,--namely, the click, being
heard as simultaneous with a visual impression which actually came
before it, was said to be displaced negatively, and the click, being
heard as simultaneous with a visual impression coming in fact later
than it did, was said to be displaced positively. Average errors and
mean displacements are given in the table in thousandths of seconds.
Observers were asked to locate the click in the visual series in terms
of one tenth the distance or time between the letters.
TABLE I
Aud. Interval (sec.) 1.28 2.56 4.04 8.40 1.28 2.02
Vis. Interval (sec.) .040 .080 .120 .260 .080 .120
Obs.
B Av. num. Trials 13.9 5.8 3.8 2.1 9.8 13.9
Num. Series av. 8 13 13 8 2 2
Aver. Error (sec.) .056 .064 .077 .164´ .045 .067
Mean Displac'mt (sec.) +.045 -.040 -.067 -.152 +.045 +.067
Bo Av. num. Trials 9.4 4.1 3.0 2.0 5.5 3.5
Num Series av. 6 10 11 8 3 2
Aver. Error. (sec.) .114 .060 .054 .049 .05 .082
Mean Displac'mt (sec.) +.114 +.045 +.033 .000 +.045 +.082
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