Harvey's Views on the Use of the Circulation of the BloodCurtis, John Green
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Harvey's Views on the Use of the Circulation of the Blood
Curtis, John Green
Blood -- Circulation; Harvey, William, 1578-1657
It is plain that fibrillar contractions of cardiac muscle misled
Harvey into thinking and writing of "an obscure motion and flow,"
of "an obscure palpitation," of the blood itself within the dying
auricle. It is plain that when he wrote his most famous treatise he
was loath, even under Aristotle's leadership, to reach out so far
beyond the evidence of the senses as to attribute the palpitation
of the visible drop of blood in the very early embryo to anything
but the hot blood itself. Later, in his treatise On Generation,
he published a passage which in some ways runs parallel with the
foregoing. In the earlier passage the results of observation are
brought forward as food for thought; in the later one, as proofs of
a theory, fully, clearly, and emphatically stated by a thinker who
is near the end of life and is imparting his final judgment. This
later passage is as follows:--
"In whatsoever part of the body heat and motion have their
beginning, in that same part life also first arises and therein
is extinguished last; nor may it be doubted that there, too,
life has its innermost home, that there the soul itself has
fixed its seat.
"The life then inheres in the blood (as we read also in Holy
Writ[199]), because therein the life and the soul are manifest
first and fail last. For, as I have said, in the dissection of
living animals I have found repeatedly that, though the animal
be dying and breathe no longer, nevertheless, the heart pulsates
for some time and keeps the life in it. Moreover, when the heart
is quieted you may see movement surviving in the auricles, and
latest in the right auricle; and at length all pulsation ceasing
there, you may find in the blood itself a kind of undulation and
obscure agitation or palpitation, the last indication of life.
And anyone can perceive that the blood retains in itself to the
last the heat which is the author of pulsation and life; if this
heat is once wholly extinguished and the blood now is blood
no more, but cruor, so there is left no hope of a return to
life again. Nevertheless, after all pulsation has disappeared,
both in the egg, as I have said, and in dying animals, if you
will make a gentle warm application, in the former case to the
leaping point, in the latter to the right auricle of the heart,
you shall see movement, pulsation, and life, renewed immediately
by the blood; provided it have not utterly lost all its innate
heat and vital spirits."[200]
How readily heat from without can revive the cool leaping point, is
strikingly set forth by Harvey in another chapter of this treatise
On Generation. He says:--
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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