The baby's bottle and nipple should be washed in cold water and then well scalded immediately after being used. The bottle, the nipple, and the milk should be kept away from flies and dust. One fly has been known to carry on its body more germs than there are leaves on a large tree. [Illustration: FIG. 22.--Plan of the prison at Easton, Pa. The crosses show into which cells the flies brought typhoid germs from the sewer and made the prisoners sick with fever.] =Flies and Fever in a Prison.=--In August, 1908, thirteen prisoners in the jail at Easton, Pennsylvania, were taken ill with typhoid fever. They had not been near any sick persons and their food and water were found to be pure. All those sick were in cells in one end of the prison. About twenty feet from this end a sewer had been uncovered two weeks before and left open. This sewer carried the waste from the hospital where several patients were sick with the fever. Flies fed on the waste in the sewer and then with the germs sticking to their feet flew into the cells of the prisoners and walked over their cups, spoons, and food. A little girl who played near this open sewer and shared her lunch with the flies had a severe attack of fever two weeks later because the germs scraped from the flies' feet on her food got into her body and grew. =Milk and Disease.=--We must be very careful to get not only clean milk but milk from healthy cows milked by persons who have no typhoid fever, scarlet fever, or diphtheria in their homes. If only one or two disease germs get into the milk from the hands of those who have nursed the sick, these will grow into immense numbers in a single day. Many of those who use the milk will then become ill. Hundreds are made sick in this way every year. PRACTICAL QUESTIONS 1. Why is milk a good food? 2. What does a gallon of milk contain? 3. What is cream? 4. How is butter made? 5. For whom is milk specially good? 6. How does milk become poisonous? 7. Why is dirty milk more poisonous in hot weather? 8. Tell what harm unclean milk does. 9. How may milk be kept clean? 10. Explain how milk is heated to make it safe for use. 11. Show how flies may cause fever. 12. Tell how milk may carry diphtheria into our homes. CHAPTER VII HOW THE BODY USES FOOD =Organs for making ready the Food.=--Before the food can get into the blood and be carried over the body to feed the muscles and the brain, it must be made into a fluid. This changing of the solid food into a liquid by the stomach and other organs is called _digestion_. The organs which do this work are known as _digestive organs_. They consist of a _food tube_ and several bodies called _glands_.