Health on the Farm: A Manual of Rural Sanitation and HygieneHarris, H. F. (Henry Fauntleroy)
Science
Health on the Farm: A Manual of Rural Sanitation and Hygiene
Harris, H. F. (Henry Fauntleroy)
Rural health; Sanitation, Household
_Mode of Infection Through Mosquitoes._--The most brilliant triumph in
modern medicine, and one of the most creditable achievements of human
ingenuity, has been the absolute demonstration that malaria is carried
from man to man by means of the Anopheles mosquito, and that the disease
can, in nature, be produced in absolutely no other way. This is not a
theory, but it is a fact which has been demonstrated in its every detail
beyond dispute, and we are now happily in a condition to reject our
venerable notions concerning bad air, miasma, etc.
Before describing the method by which infection takes place, it is
well to say a few words concerning the mosquito that acts as a
carrier of the disease, which may be easily differentiated from
other similar gnats. The malarial mosquito has a body which is
placed parallel to and almost on the same plane with the front
portions of the insect, and as a consequence, when at rest on walls
or other objects, the back of the body sticks out almost or quite
at right angles with the surface upon which it is resting. The back
portion of the common mosquito forms an angle with the front part
of its body, with the effect that both ends of the insect point
toward the object upon which it rests. There are still other
differences that clearly differentiate the malarial from the common
mosquito, but the one given ordinarily serves to distinguish
between them. The malarial mosquito is pre-eminently a house-gnat,
being scarcely ever seen in the woods or open, but may be
found--oftentimes in great numbers--in all malarial localities,
lying quietly during the day in dark corners of rooms or stables.
This mosquito practically never bites in the day, but will do so
in a darkened room, if a person will remain perfectly quiet; their
favorite time for feeding is in the early parts of the night and
about daybreak--all of which accounts for the fact, long observed,
that malarial fever is almost invariably contracted at night. The
malarial mosquito bites and then goes back to some dark corner
where it remains quiescent for forty-eight hours, at the end of
which time it again descends to feed. Contrary to the general
opinion mosquitoes bite many times, and frequently remain alive for
months--the malarial mosquito particularly living in cellars and
attics oftentimes throughout the entire winter.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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