Produced by Chuck Greif & The Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images generously made available by The Internet Archive/American Libraries.) HEART OF EUROPE [Illustration: _The Cathedral of Reims_] HEART OF EUROPE BY RALPH ADAMS CRAM, LITT.D., LL.D. F.A.I.A., A.N.A., F.R.G.S. ILLUSTRATED NEW YORK CHARLES SCRIBNER’S SONS 1916 COPYRIGHT, 1915, BY CHARLES SCRIBNER’S SONS Published October, 1915 [Illustration] TO E. S. C. WHO SOME DAY MAY KNOW THE HEART OF EUROPE AND TO WHOM THIS BOOK MAY BE A DIM RECALLING “OF OLD, UNHAPPY, FAR-OFF THINGS AND BATTLES LONG AGO” WHITEHALL 29 AUGUST, 1915 The author wishes to express his great sense of personal obligation to Miss Gertrude Schirmer and Mr. Emil P. Albrecht for their kindness in furnishing illustrations that otherwise could not have been obtained. CONTENTS CHAPTER PAGE I. A SANCTUARY LAID WASTE 1 II. THE FORGING OF MEDIÆVALISM 15 III. FLANDERS AND BRABANT 37 IV. THE SPANISH NETHERLANDS 63 V. THE GLORY OF A GREAT ART 84 VI. AMIENS AND REIMS 109 VII. THE BURGHERS AND THEIR BUILDING 128 VIII. COAL AND IRON 149 IX. A TALE OF THREE CITIES 172 X. MARGARET OF MALINES 191 XI. THE FIFTEENTH-CENTURY PAINTERS 219 XII. GOTHIC SCULPTURE 238 XIII. THE ALLIED ARTS 256 XIV. ART IN THE RHINELAND 278 XV. THE FOREST OF ARDEN 296 XVI. EX TENEBRIS LUX 310 ILLUSTRATIONS _Reims_ _Frontispiece_ Facing page