7. “On whomsoever an old ruin falls, if there be a doubt, whether one be under it or not; if there be doubt, whether he be alive or dead; if there be a doubt, whether he be a foreigner or an Israelite?” “They open over him the heap. If they find him alive, they open fully, but if dead, they leave him.” 8. The sin-offering, and the offering for known transgression make atonement. Death and the day of atonement with repentance make atonement. Repentance atones for light transgressions, for commands positive and negative. But grave offences are suspended, till the day of atonement come, and it will atone. 9. He who said, “I will sin and repent—I will sin and repent?” “They did not give him the opportunity of repentance.” “I will sin, and the day of atonement shall atone?” “The day of atonement makes no atonement.” Transgressions between man and The Place(243) the day of atonement expiates. Transgressions between man and his neighbor, the day of atonement does not expiate, until his companion be reconciled. This R. Eleazar Ben Azariah explained “From all thy sins before the LORD thou shalt be cleansed.” Transgressions between man and The Place, the day of atonement expiated. Transgressions between man and his companion, the day of atonement did not expiate, until his companion be reconciled. Said R. Akiba, “Happy are ye, Israel! before whom are ye to be pure? Who will purify you? Your Father in heaven, as is said, ‘I will sprinkle clean water upon you, and ye shall be clean.’ ” Then said the Fountain of Israel, the LORD, “As the fountain purifies the defiled, so the Holy One, blessed be He, purifies Israel.” On Tabernacles(244) Size and Covering of Tabernacles—What Constitutes a Tabernacle—Exemptions—Palm Branches—Myrtle Boughs—Willows—Citrons—Reading and Blessing—Thrashing the Altar—Rejoicings—Pouring Out of the Water—The Lighting and Dancing—Singing and Music—Blowing the Trumpets—Offerings and Courses—The Course Bilgah. Chapter I 1. A booth which is above twenty cubits high is disallowed. R. Judah allows it. One which is not ten hands high, one which has not three walls, or which has more sun than shade, is disallowed. “An old booth?” “The school of Shammai disallow it; but the school of Hillel allow it.” “What is an old booth?” “One that was made thirty days before the feast; but if it were made with intention for the feast, even from the beginning of the year, it is allowed.” 2. “If a man make his booth beneath a tree?” “It is as though he made it in the house.” “If one booth be above another?” “The upper one is allowed; but the lower one is disallowed.” R. Judah says, “if they cannot inhabit the upper one, the lower one is allowed.” 3. “If one spread a cloth over (its roof)(245) on account of the sun; or under (its roof) on account of the falling leaves; or if one spread a canopy over his bed?” “It is disallowed. But he may spread a cloth over two bedposts.”