Classical literature; Greece -- History -- Peloponnesian War, 431-404 B.C.; Greece -- History -- Spartan and Theban Supremacies, 404-362 B.C.
Presently espying a certain rising ground, across which the Arcadians
had drawn their outer line of circumvallation, Archidamus proposed
to himself to take it. If he were once in command of that knoll, the
besiegers at its foot would be forced to retire. Accordingly he set
about leading a body of troops round to the point in question, and
during this movement the light infantry in advance of Archidamus,
advancing at the double, caught sight of the Arcadian Eparitoi (20)
outside the stockade and attacked them, while the cavalry made an
attempt to enforce their attack simultaneously. The Arcadians did not
swerve: in compact order they waited impassively. The Lacedaemonians
charged a second time: a second time they swerved not, but on the
contrary began advancing. Then, as the hoarse roar and shouting
deepened, Archidamus himself advanced in support of his troops. To do
so he turned aside along the carriage-road leading to Cromnus, and moved
onward in column two abreast, (21) which was his natural order. When
they came into close proximity to one another--Archidamus's troops in
column, seeing they were marching along a road; the Arcadians in compact
order with shields interlinked--at this conjuncture the Lacedaemonians
were not able to hold out for any length of time against the numbers of
the Arcadians. Before long Archidamus had received a wound which pierced
through his thigh, whilst death was busy with those who fought in
front of him, Polyaenidas and Chilon, who was wedded to the sister of
Archidamus, included. The whole of these, numbering no less than thirty,
perished in this action. Presently, falling back along the road,
they emerged into the open ground, and now with a sense of relief the
Lacedaemonians got themselves into battle order, facing the foe. The
Arcadians, without altering their position, stood in compact line, and
though falling short in actual numbers, were in far better heart--the
moral result of an attack on a retreating enemy and the severe loss
inflicted on him. The Lacedaemonians, on the other hand, were sorely
down-hearted: Archidamus lay wounded before their eyes; in their ears
rang the names of those who had died, the fallen being not only brave
men, but, one may say, the flower of Spartan chivalry. The two armies
were now close together, when one of the older men lifted up his voice
and cried: "Why need we fight, sirs? Why not rather make truce and part
friends?" Joyously the words fell on the ears of either host, and they
made a truce. The Lacedaemonians picked up their dead and retired; the
Arcadians withdrew to the point where their advance originally began,
and set up a trophy of victory.
(20) So the troops of the Arcadian Federation were named. Diodorus
(xv. 62) calls them "the select troops," {tous kaloumenous
epilektous}.
(21) See above, III. i. 22.
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