We are still left with one important monument of Alexandrian art which
perhaps can be treated most fitly in connexion with the pastoral
reliefs--the great statue of the Nile in the Braccio Nuovo of the
Vatican (Fig. 24). The god lies out at length supported on his elbow,
and little boys, representing the cubits of his annual rise, play
about over him. The work is a Roman copy, and tells us little of
technique, but the _putti_ are interesting as a typical Hellenistic
development. This is the period in which Eros, who has been growing
steadily younger from the youth of Praxiteles to the boy of Lysippos,
turns finally into the chubby Roman Cupid or Amorino of Renaissance
art. As such he helps Aphrodite in her toilet or performs all manner of
tasks in the fine frieze of Erotes at Ephesos. It is the logical ending
of the transformation of mythology into _genre_. Alexandrian art is
essentially mundane and frivolous, sceptical and humorous. Her artists
would have appreciated the earlier Pergamene developments, but they
would have laughed at the clumsy idealism of the great altar frieze.
Nor would they have felt much sympathy with the athletic art of Rhodes.
We may perhaps consider here the little we know of the art of Antioch,
since it has certain points in common with that of Alexandria. The
chief monument used in all discussion of Antiochene art is the statue
of Antioch[59] on the Orontes, made by Eutychides, a pupil of Lysippos.
A small copy of this in the Vatican shows us a fine seated figure
crowned with the turreted crown, who rests her foot on a little male
figure with outstretched arms representing the stream of the Orontes.
Unfortunately the copy is too small to give us much information about
the artist, though he seems to have used the same idea for another
statue of the Eurotas. We have, however, a figure of Aphrodite from
Egypt (Fig. 25), which shows a supporting Triton in an attitude
indubitably connected with the figure of the Orontes. This is an
Egyptian work, but it argues some artistic connexion between Alexandria
and the Seleucid capital. Another link is given us by the statement[60]
that the Apollo at Daphne near Antioch was made by Bryaxis, the author
of the Alexandrian Sarapis.
Antioch, though like Alexandria in many respects--in her
turbulent population, her cosmopolitanism, her irreverence for
all authority--seems never to have developed the cultured love of
literature and the arts which we find at Pergamon and on the Nile. She
remained in all probability a collector and not an originator of art.
The glimpses which we can get of her statues indicate a catholic taste.
The Apollo seated on the Omphalos, which decorates the Seleucid coins,
resembles the Lysippic type, and a Herakles type, also found on Syrian
coins and reproduced in the bronze colossus of the Conservatori, has
some connexion with the later Sikyonian school. By the side of these we
must place the Apollo of Bryaxis.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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