+Obstŭpuisse+ = _to have been spell-bound_; +stŭp-eo+, +stŭp-idus+, and our _stupefy_, _stupid_ will suggest the root-meaning.[11] +Mŏdis+ = _measures_, especially of verse, or, as here, of music. [Footnote 11: Notice this word, which is often employed to express the ideas of _entránce_, _enthrall_, _strike dumb_, _amaze_.] (ii.) _Translation._--You will remember that Apollo, the god who brings back light and sunshine in spring, is also the god of music and of poetry. Ovid skilfully implies that Arion’s playing was so beautiful that even Diana, Apollo’s own sister, mistakes Arion’s playing for her brother’s. This sentence takes up a whole couplet, but is in form quite simple. Thus +fertur+ is the incomplete predicate, and +obstupuisse saepe tuis modis tamquam fraternis+ completes the predicate, _i.e._ tells us all that is said of the subject +Cynthia+. +Vōcalis Ărīon+ is clearly vocative, or nominative of address. _O tuneful Arion, often is Cynthia said to have been spell-bound by thy strains, as by those of her brother (Apollo)._ _Final Suggestions._ You have now learnt how to translate this passage, but you must do more before you can master it. Thus in these simple but beautiful lines notice:-- (i.) _Vocabulary._--This is easy and familiar, but even if you know the meaning of the words study their _cognates_--_i.e._ related words--as pointed out to you in the vocabulary, _e.g._ under +nōvit+, p. 25, sentence I. [[Demonstration II.ii]] (ii.) _English Derivatives._--Remember that often, where you cannot think of an English derivative, some very familiar _French_ word will help you to the root-meaning of the Latin. Thus:-- Latin. French. English. +Carmine+ _Charme_ _Charm_ (_Song_) +Agnam+ _Agneau_ _Lamb_ +Lupus+ _Loup_ _Wolf_ +Cerva+ _Cerf_ _Stag_ (_Hind_) and notice that where the English word, e.g. _charm_, differs in spelling from the Latin, it is because it comes to us through a French channel. Cf. _feat_ from Fr. _fait_ = L. _factum_. (iii.) _Allusions and Parallel Passages._--In verse these are often numerous and important. Poetry is naturally full of imagery, and borrows from many sources. Thus, for ll. 1-8, compare Hor. _Od._ I. xii. 5: ‘Aut in umbrosis Heliconis oris . . . . Arte materna rapidos morantem Fluminum lapsus . . .’ and Verg. _G._ iv. 510: ‘Mulcentem tigris et agentem carmine quercus.’ Shakesp. _Hen. VIII._ III. i.: ‘Orpheus with his lute made trees, And the mountain-tops that freeze, Bow themselves when he did sing’; or read Tennyson’s poem ‘Amphion.’ _Lines 5, 6._--Cf. Isaiah xi. 6: ‘The wolf also shall dwell with the lamb, and the leopard shall lie down with the kid; and the calf and the young lion and the fatling together; and a little child shall lead them.’