[Linenotes: 2. +per occasionem+ = _by such a favourable opportunity_. --Rawlins. 3. +In contionem+ = _to the rostra_ (the platform for speakers). 3-4. +Horatius Valeriusque.+ The first Consuls after the abolition of the Decemvirate in 449 B.C. 5. +pro imperio+, i.e. usurping the authority of a magistrate. 9. +plebesque scivit+ (scisco) = _and the people approved_ (i.e. voted for) it. 11. +provocatione+ = _right of appeal_. 18. +prodicta+ = _adjourned_, from the first hearing. --R. 19. +assertor V.+ = _who claimed V. as his slave_.] +Results of the Secession+. ‘The Valerian Laws, by the second of which it was ordained that in criminal trials, when the life of a citizen was at stake, the sentence of the Consul should be subject to an appeal to the people. This Valerian Law of Appeal was the Roman Habeas Corpus Act.’ --Ihne. D18 WAR WITH THE ETRUSCANS OF FIDENAE AND VEII. _Cossus wins the Spolia Opima, 437 B.C._ Erat tum inter equites tribunus militum A. Cornelius Cossus, eximia pulchritudine corporis, animo ac viribus par memorque generis, quod amplissimum acceptum maius auctiusque reliquit posteris. Is cum ad impetum Tolumni, quacumque se intendisset, {5} trepidantes Romanas videret turmas insignemque eum regio habitu volitantem tota acie cognosset, ‘Hicine est’ inquit ‘ruptor foederis humani violatorque gentium iuris? Iam ego hanc mactatam victimam, si modo sancti quicquam in terris esse di {10} volunt, legatorum manibus dabo.’ Calcaribus subditis infesta cuspide in unum fertur hostem; quem cum ictum equo deiecisset, confestim et ipse hasta innixus se in pedes excepit. Adsurgentem ibi regem umbone resupinat repetitumque saepius cuspide {15} ad terram affixit. Tum exsangui detracta spolia, caputque abscisum victor spiculo gerens terrore caesi regis hostes perfudit. Ita equitum quoque fusa acies, quae una fecerat anceps certamen. Dictator legionibus fugatis instat et ad castra compulsos {20} caedit. LIVY, iv. 19. [Linenotes: 3. +par+ = _equally distinguished by_, equal, that is, to his beauty. --S. 5. +Tolumni+ = Lars Tolumnius, King of the Veientos, in alliance with Fidenae (about 5 miles N.E. of Rome).] +quacumque se intendisset+ = _wherever he directed his charge._ 8-11. +Hicine ... manibus dabo.+ Fidenae had frequently been colonised by Rome, and had as frequently revolted. When the Romans sent four ambassadors to Fidenae to demand satisfaction for this last revolt, the people of Fidenae murdered them. Tolumnius is associated with their crime. 12. +infesta cuspide+ = _with couched lance._ 13-14. +hasta ... excepit+ = _with the help of his spear leapt to the ground_. Lit. ‘resting on his spear caught himself on his feet.’ --Stephenson. 15. +umbone resupinat+ = _he throws him back with the boss of his shield._ +repetitum+ = _piercing him again and again_. --S. 19. +Dictator+ = Mamercus Aemilius, a man of energy and ability.]