[Linenotes: 1. +L. Manlio+, i.e. L. Manlius Capitolinus Imperiosus, appointed Dictator 363 B.C. ‘to drive in a nail (_clavi figendi causa_) on the right side of the Temple of Jupiter, to mark the number of the year, because written documents were rare in those times.’ 2. +diem dixit+ = _named a day (for his trial before the Comitia)_. 4-6. +quod Titum filium ... iussisset.+ Livy, vii. 4, says ‘And for what offence? Because he was a little slow of speech and not ready with his tongue.’ 4. +Torquatus+, Dictator 353 and 349 B.C., and three times Consul. 6. +negotium exhiberi patri+ = lit. _that trouble was being brought upon his father_, i.e. _that his father was in trouble_. 9-10. +qui arbitraretur+ = _inasmuch as he thought_. Adject. causal clause. --Holden. 11. +remotis arbitris+ = _when he had put out of the room all witnesses_. --H. +arbiter+[22] = (ar = ad + bito = eo) = spectator, umpire. 14-15. +missum facturum+ = _would set at liberty_. 19. +ad Anienem Galli.+ On this, their second invasion, the Gauls advanced as far as the Anio. Livy tells us that after the death of their champion the Gauls fled under cover of night. 21-22. +cuius ... fugati+, i.e. the great battle of Vesuvius fought 340 B.C. by the Veseris, a R. in Campania near Mount Vesuvius, which established for ever the supremacy of Rome over Latium.] [Footnote 22: Cf. _arbiter pugnae_, _bibendi_, Horace.] +Parallel Passage.+ Livy, vii. 4, 5, 9, 10. D31 FIRST SAMNITE WAR, 343-341 B.C. (1) _An Important Epoch in Roman History._ Maiora iam hinc bella et viribus hostium et longinquitate vel regionum vel temporum, quibus bellatum est, dicentur. Namque eo anno adversus Samnites, gentem opibus armisque validam, mota arma; Samnitium bellum ancipiti Marte gestum {5} Pyrrhus hostis, Pyrrhum Poeni secuti. Quanta rerum moles! quoties in extrema periculoram ventum, ut in hanc magnitudinem, quae vix sustinetur, erigi imperium posset! Belli autem causa cum Samnitibus Romanis, cum societate amicitiaque iuncti essent, {10} extrinsecus venit, non orta inter ipsos est. Samnites Sidicinis iniusta arma, quia viribus plus poterant, cum intulissent, coacti inopes ad opulentiorum auxilium confugere Campanis sese coniungunt. Campani magis nomen ad praesidium sociorum quam {15} vires cum attulissent, fluentes luxu ab duratis usu armorum in Sidicino pulsi agro, in se deinde molem omnem belli verterunt. Namque Samnites, omissis Sidicinis ipsam arcem finitimorum Campanos adorti, unde aeque facilis victoria, praedae atque gloriae {20} plus esset, Tifata, imminentes Capuae colles, cum praesidio firmo occupassent, descendunt inde quadrato agmine in planitiem, quae Capuam Tifataque interiacet. Ibi rursus acie dimicatum; adversoque proelio Campani intra moenia compulsi, cum robore iuventutis {25} suae acciso nulla propinqua spes esset, coacti sunt ab Romanis petere auxilium. LIVY, vii. 29.