[Linenotes: 4. +pacem ... fecerant+, i.e. _a military convention_, by which Rome and Samnium were to acknowledge each other as free peoples with equal rights and privileges, and Rome was to give up her conquests and colonies on Samnite territory. 5. +iniussu ... senatusque.+ ‘The Senate considered it in the light of a _sponsio_, a convention made on personal responsibility, rather than a _pactio_ or _foedus_, a public treaty.’ --Holden. 6. +tribuni plebis+, prob. only tribunes-elect (= _designati_), for the tribunes could not leave Rome even for one night. 11. +C. Mancinus+ commanded against Numantia in Spain, 137 B.C. 15. +Q. Pompeius+ commanded against Numantia, 140 B.C. 16. +cum in eadem causa esset+ = _though he was in the same case_, as Mancinus, i.e. had made a degrading peace with the Numantines. --H. 15-17. +quo ... deprecante ... non est+ = _through his begging to be let off, the law_ (i.e. for delivering him up to the enemy) _was not passed_. 17. +Hic+ = _in this case_, i.e. that of Pompeius. 18. +apud superiores+, i.e. Veturius, Postumius, and Mancinus. 18-19. +utilitatis species falsa+ = _the false semblance of expediency_.] +The Repudiation of the Treaty.+ ‘It is clear that Postumius and his brother officers could not bind the Roman Senate and people by the promise they had made in Caudium; but it is equally clear that they were bound by their promise to do what was in their power to cause the treaty to be ratified.’ --Ihne. D39 SECOND SAMNITE WAR, 326-304 B.C. (5) _Battle of Bovianum, 305 B.C. Peace made, 304 B.C._ Eodem anno in campum Stellatem agri Campani Samnitium incursiones factae. Itaque ambo consules in Samnium missi cum diversas regiones, Tifernum Postumius, Bovianum Minucius petisset, Postumii prius ductu ad Tifernum pugnatum. Alii {5} haud dubie Samnites victos ac viginti milia hominum capta tradunt, alii Marte aequo discessum, et Postumium, metum simulantem, nocturno itinere clam in montes copias abduxisse, hostes secutos duo milia inde locis munitis et ipsos consedisse. Consul ut {10} stativa tuta copiosaque petisse videretur, postquam et munimentis castra firmavit et omni apparatu rerum utilium instruxit, relicto firmo praesidio de vigilia tertia, qua[23] proxime potest, expeditas legiones ad collegam, et ipsum adversus alios sedentem, ducit. {15} Ibi auctore Postumio Minucius cum hostibus signa confert, et, cum anceps proelium in multum diei processisset, tum Postumius integris legionibus defessam iam aciem hostium improviso invadit. Itaque cum lassitudo ac vulnera fugam quoque praepedissent, {20} occidione occisi hostes, signa unum et viginti capta. LIVY, ix. 44. [Footnote 23: qua _duci_ proxime potest. --W. and M.]