[Linenotes: 1. +In campum Stellatem.+ Stellas, a part of the Campanian plain, N. of Mt. Tifata (E. of Capua). 4. +Tifernum+, E. of Bovianum on the R. Tifernus. +Postumius ... Minucius+, Consuls 305 B.C. +Bovianum+, in Samnium, W. of Luceria (in Apulia). 11. +stativa tuta+ = _safe quarters_. Cf. _stativa castra_ = _a stationary camp_. 15. +et ipsum ... sedentem+ = _also lying encamped_ (+sedentem+) _in the face of another army_. --Stephenson. 20. +praepedissent+ = _hampered_, lit. _to entangle the feet_ (_prae_ + _pes_). 21. +occidione occisi.+ This has the force of _a superlative by the repetition_, a common idiom in Oriental[24] languages. --S.] [Footnote 24: E.g. in Hebrew, Delivering I will deliver = I will surely deliver.] +Results of the Second Samnite War.+ Roman influence became supreme in Campania and Apulia, and the Samnites were confined to their own mountains. In 304 B.C. the Romans renewed their ancient Treaty with the Samnites (as Livy tells us) by which they were left in possession of their independence. +Why the Romans conquered.+ (1) Their conduct of the war was more systematic. (2) By their plan of fortified colonies (e.g. Cales, Fregellae, Luceria) they retained their hold on the conquered territory. (3) The diplomatic skill of the Senate secured the friendship of the neighbours of the Samnites (e.g. the Apulians and Lucanians). D40 THIRD SAMNITE WAR, 298-290 B.C. _Battle of Sentinum, 295 B.C. ‘Novum pugnae genus.’_ Ferocior Decius et aetate et vigore animi quantumcunque virium habuit certamine primo effudit. Et quia lentior videbatur pedestris pugna, equitatum in pugnam concitat et ipse fortissimae iuvenum turmae immixtus orat proceres iuventutis, in hostem {5} ut secum impetum faciant: duplicem illorum gloriam fore, si ab laevo cornu et ab equite victoria incipiat. Bis avertere Gallicum equitatum; iterum longius evectos et iam inter media peditum agmina proelium cientes novum pugnae conterruit genus: essedis {10} carrisque superstans armatus hostis ingenti sonitu equorum rotarumque advenit et insolitos eius tumultus Romanorum conterruit eqnos. Ita victorem equitatum velut lymphaticus pavor dissipat; sternit inde ruentes equos virosque improvida fuga, {15} turbata hinc etiam signa legionum multique impetu equorum ac vehiculorum raptorum per agmen obtriti antesignani; et insecuta, simul territos hostes vidit, Gallica acies nullum spatium respirandi recipiendique se dedit. {20} LIVY, x. 28.