HAMMER.--In heraldry both the workman’s hammer, emblematic of industry, if it have no more definite symbolism, occurs as well as the military _martel-de-fer_. Examples of both are given in Figs. 259 and 260. Another instance of the first is in the Arms of the Blacksmiths Company of London, Sa a chev. Or between three hammers Arg. handled and ensigned with crowns gold; and with this is their swinging motto, “By hammer and hand all arts do stand.” [Illustration: FIG. 259.] [Illustration: FIG. 260.] HAWK’S BELLS AND JESSES.--The bells are of the globular kind (Fig. 261), and jesses are the leather straps by which they were secured to the falcons’ legs. Also attached to the jesses were pieces of metal, called vervels, that were stamped with the owner’s monogram or badge. HAWK’S LURE.--A bird’s wing that was attached to a cord by means of which it was thrown in the air in order to attract the falcons to hand. Its usual shape as a charge is as in Fig. 262. [Illustration: FIG. 261.] [Illustration: FIG. 262.] [Illustration: FIG. 263.] HEMP-BRAKE OR HACKLE.--An instrument for bruising hemp. Its best known heraldic example is as the badge of Sir Reginald Bray (Fig. 263), the architect to Henry VII, for whom he built the magnificent Chapel in Westminster Abbey and completed St. George’s Chapel at Windsor. The badge is now used by Lord Bray, who is descended from Sir Reginald’s brother. [Illustration: FIG. 264.] [Illustration: FIG. 265.] [Illustration: FIG. 266.] [Illustration: FIG. 267.] KNOTS.--A form of badge that is composed of one or more cords or straps twisted into open knots and used to symbolize the bond of a vow. The best known, perhaps, is the Stafford knot (Fig. 264), which from being the badge of the Earls of Stafford has been appropriated by many institutions connected with that county. The Heneage knot, also on a single line, is Fig. 265, and is sometimes accompanied by the motto, “Fast though untied,” and Fig. 266 is the Bowen knot of four bows. Fig. 267 is from among the devices on the robe of the effigy of Anne of Bohemia on her tomb at Westminster Abbey, and is thought by Boutell to convey the idea of a monogram. He also sees in the Wake and Ormond knot (Fig. 268) the initials W and O entwined. A modern attempt was made to form a monogram of the silken tags represented as depending from the seal shape of the bookplate (by C. W. Sherborn, R.E.) of the celebrated J. Robinson Planché, Dramatist and Somerset Herald. [Illustration: FIG. 268.] [Illustration: FIG. 269.] [Illustration: FIG. 270.] [Illustration: FIG. 271.] The Bouchier knot is Fig. 269, and Boutell mentions a Bouchier badge formed of the knot tied to a coudiere or elbow piece, as from a monument in Westminster Abbey.