Pippins are apples which have been raised from pips; [32] a codling is an apple which requires to be "coddled," stewed, or lightly boiled, being yet sour and unfit for eating whilst raw. The John Apple, or Apple John, ripens on St. John's Day, December 27th. It keeps sound for two years, but becomes very shrunken. Sir John Falstaff says (_Henry IV_., iii. 3) "Withered like an old Apple John." The squab pie, famous in Cornwall, contains apples and onions allied with mutton. "Of wheaten walls erect your paste: Let the round mass extend its breast; Next slice your apples picked so fresh; Let the fat sheep supply its flesh: Then add an onion's pungent juice-- A sprinkling--be not too profuse! Well mixt, these nice ingredients--sure! May gratify an epicure." In America, "Apple Slump" is a pie consisting of apples, molasses, and bread crumbs baked in a tin pan. This is known to New Englanders as "Pan Dowdy." An agreeable bread was at one time made by an ingenious Frenchman which consisted of one third of apples boiled, and two-thirds of wheaten flour. It was through the falling of an apple in the garden of Mrs. Conduitt at Woolthorpe, near Grantham, Sir Isaac Newton was led to discover the great law of gravitation which regulates the whole universe. Again, it was an apple the patriot William Tell shot from the head of his own bright boy with one arrow, whilst reserving a second for the heart of a tyrant. Dr. Prior says the word Apple took its origin from the Sanskrit, _Ap_,--"water," and _Phal_,--"fruit," meaning "water fruit," or "juice fruit"; and with this the Latin name _Pomum_--from _Poto_, "to drink"--precisely agrees; if which be so, our apple must have come originally from the East long ages back. [33] The term "Apple-pie order" is derived from the French phrase, _a plis_, "in plaits," folded in regular plaits; or, perhaps, from _cap a pied_, "armed from head to foot," in perfect order. Likewise the "Apple-pie bed" is so called from the French _a plis_, or it may be from the Apple turnover of Devon and Cornwall, as made with the paste turned over on itself. The botanical name of an apple tree is Pyrus Malus, of which schoolboys are wont to make ingenious uses by playing on the latter word. Malo, I had rather be; Malo, in an Apple tree; Malo, than a wicked man; Malo, in adversity. Or, again, _Mea mater mala est sus_, which bears the easy translation, "My mother is a wicked old sow"; but the intentional reading of which signifies "Run, mother! the sow is eating the apples." The term "Adam's Apple," which is applied to the most prominent part of a person's throat in front is based on the superstition that a piece of the forbidden fruit stuck in Adam's throat, and caused this lump to remain. ARUM--THE COMMON.